Social scientists the interpretation of census and other population-level have demonstrated the way in which numbers and data, in 2006, approximately 76% of the off-reserve quantification are used in governing populations and First Nations population lived in urban settings, while the consequences of such practices (Greenhalgh, the remainder resided in rural locations (Statistics 2005; Neylan, 200 [...] Aboriginal people represented 2% of highlight how changes in Indian Act legislation (for the population in the cities of Vancouver, Calgary and instance the reinstatement of women and children as Ottawa-Gatineau, and 0.5% in Toronto and Montreal registered Indians under Bill C-31); the move to use (Statistics Canada, 2008a). [...] As a Further, it is worthy to note that the proportion of proportion of the Aboriginal population in Edmonton, First Nations people in the Aboriginal population 22,440 identified as First Nations (43%). [...] Indeed, it is difficult to understand this statistic in light of the extremely high proportion of children in care who are Aboriginal in cities like Vancouver (70%) – as discussed in Section 4. A review of those particular statistics was beyond the scope of this report, however, the numbers of First Nations children4 in care in urban settings must be con- sidered in any discussion related to healt [...] As Cardinal and Adin (2005) have clearly stated, the lack Key sources of population-based demographic and of systematic data collection and analysis regarding health indicators data for First Nations and off-reserve urban Aboriginal health and the diverse groups of First Nations populations include the following people involved, prevents us from understanding the data bases.