Therefore, as the European Commission illustrated in Harnessing the Power of AI to Accelerate Discovery and Foster Innovation, a recent policy brief, it is paramount to get the policy framework right if Europe wants to remain at the forefront of science and innovation. [...] Yet, the global competition is fearless: China has overcome Europe in the volume of scientific publications, while the United States remains the leader in terms of quality and impact. [...] China has overtaken the European Union and the United States in terms of both the number and share of publications on AI applications in science. [...] In this sense, there is a concern that the ambitious regulatory effort the European Union has undertaken might harm the large-scale adoption of AI, in particular, because of the strong focus on ex ante measures as guardrails for the unpredictable and potentially harmful outcomes of AI. [...] A simple belief in the need to be in full control of the technology and fully understanding how it works ex ante can hinder the realisation of AI’s tremendous potential and prevent Europe from maintaining its leadership in science and innovation.
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