D OCKET #240216-0052 RIN #0660-XC06 National Telecommunications and Information Administration

1 7 In the social network realm, we’ve seen the beginning of a move toward decentralized social networks built on open standards to allow for a range of different types of social networks serving different needs, communities, and social norms;1 8 open foundation models similarly provide a decentralized alternative to the concentration of power and decisionmaking in a handful of closed providers. [...] This is allowing a range of firms to invest in and develop foundation models and as a result we are already seeing deployment of these foundation models in a growing range of applications across the economy.” 19 For example, as of September 23, 2023 — half a year ago now — Meta reported that already tens of thousands of entrepreneurs and startups were using Llama-2,2 0 while as of December 7, 2023. [...] [ perma.cc/W7F6-MPQE] 93 Report on the Availability of Bombmaking Information, the Extent to Which Its Dissemination Is Controlled by Federal Law, and the Extent to Which Such Dissemination May Be Subject to Regulation Consistent with the First Amendment to the United States Constitution: Prepared by the United States Department of Justice as Required by Section 709(a) of the Antiterrorism and Eff. [...] The above considerations highlight the mismatch between the types of policy interventions being proposed to try to limit access to knowledge through OFMs, and the practical steps actually needed to secure the physical assets and facilities necessary to create, test, and deploy a bioweapon. [...] 139 Even so, and given the variety of ways these harms will likely manifest and the difficulty of detecting all of them within the four corners of a foundation model, it is all the more important to help a broader community of researchers and context-specific experts gain visibility into these systems and their use cases.