Policy Brief - The Shift from Multilateralism to Plurilateralism: - A Challenge for the Bretton Woods

Gone is the time of the ‘fifty years is enough’ campaign, and while dissent is still expressed by some, such as historian and political scientist Eric Toussaint, a strong critic of the World Bank (Toussaint, 2023), the challenges facing the institution and multilateralism more generally reside in the failure to reform them and to adapt to the new realities of the world. [...] In response, the rise of plurilateralism, the increasing influence of regional organizations and development banks, and the emergence of global clubs like the G7, G20, and BRICS, have introduced new dynamics to the global governance landscape. [...] While these groupings offer tailored solutions to regional challenges, they contribute to the fragmentation of the global governance architecture and erode the credibility and relevance of the Bretton Woods institutions and the UN. [...] He also served as the Chief of Staff of the President of the World Bank Group and held various positions at the Bank including Director for the Mashreq countries, Director for the Pacific department and Special representative to the United Nations. [...] About the Policy Center for the New South The Policy Center for the New South (PCNS) is a Moroccan think tank aiming to contribute to the improvement of economic and social public policies that challenge Morocco and the rest of Africa as integral parts of the global South.