In the context of escalating climate challenges, urban heat islands are reshaping the thermal landscapes of Europe's cities and communities. As we navigate their increasing incidence and severity, a cohesive and informed response is required to addresses immediate impacts and lay down the foundations for resilient urban development. This report on Urban Overheating & Adaptation Measures explores the adaptation strategies employed across the European Union (EU) to mitigate the impacts of urban heat. This analysis has two objectives: to clarify the challenges posed by urban overheatingwithin the EU and to study the adaptation efforts spanning various governance levels. Through the examination of policies, initiatives, and practices at the EU, national, and city levels, this analysis provides an assessment of the current state of play, highlightsexemplary cases of innovation and resilience, and identifies pathways for enhancement and collaboration. Urban overheating not only exacerbate environmental and health risks but also pose significant socioeconomic challenges. In response, the European Commission, its member states, and cities have mobilized a diverse array of adaptation strategies, ranging from green infrastructure development to policy reforms and community engagement initiatives. This report delves into these measures, offering insights into their effectiveness, scalability, and potential for replication.
Authors
- Disclosure Date
- 2024/06/25
- Disclosure Status
- Disclosed
- Doc Name
- Urban Overheating and Adaptation Measures - An Analysis at EU, National, and Local Level
- Product Line
- Advisory Services & Analytics
- Published in
- United States of America
- Rel Proj ID
- 7A-Europe'S Climate Adaptation Challenge -- P500682
- Unit Owning
- ECA ENR PM 2 (SCAE2)
- Version Type
- Final
- Volume No
- 1
Table of Contents
- OVERVIEW OF URBAN OVERHEATING 8
- THE EUROPEAN UNION ADAPTATION CONTEXT 9
- GLOBAL NETWORKS AND TOOLS FOCUSED ON URBAN HEAT 10
- DEFINING URBAN OVERHEATING 13
- CAUSES AND CONTRIBUTING FACTORS 13
- IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON URBAN OVERHEATING 14
- MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING OF URBAN OVERHEATING 15
- POLICY FRAMEWORK 18
- GOVERNANCE AND NETWORKS 18
- INITIATIVES AND FUNDING 20
- NATIONAL ADAPTATION POLICIES 22
- Croatia: Program for the development of green infrastructure 23
- Poland: Climate Change Adaptation Plans in 44 Polish cities 26
- EU AND GLOBAL INITIATIVES AT CITY LEVEL 30
- PUBLIC AWARENESS IN URBAN HEAT ADAPTATION 31
- CITY LEVEL ACTIONS AND INITIATIVES 31
- GREEN ROOFS IN COPENHAGEN 34
- PARIS COOL ISLANDS 35
- NICOSIA URBAN BIODIVERSITY 36
- INITIATIVES FOR A #COOLATHENS 36
- CLIMATE SHELTERS IN BARCELONA 37
- VENTILATION CORRIDORS AND GREEN-BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE IN STUTTGART 38
- RECOMMENDATIONS 39
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING BUILDING AND PAVEMENTS 40
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING TRANSPORTATION IN THE CITY 40
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN SPACES 41
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE CITY 41
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEALING WITH HEAT WAVES 42
- BACKGROUND 58
- SCOPE OF THE SURVEY 58
- SURVEY 60
- Urban Heat Islands (UHI) analysis based on Land Surface Temperature (LST) 77
- 1. Conceptual aspects 77
- 2. Analytical framework 77
- 3. Land surface temperature (LST) estimations using Methodology no. 1 79
- 4. Land surface temperature estimation using Methodology no. 2 83
- 5. Urban Heat Islands (UHI) analysis based on LST data 84
- Additional information on LST models, methods, and techniques. 86
- Introduction 88
- Urban Heat Management 89
- Built Environment and Energy 91
- Natural Environment 93
- Transport 95
- Waste 97
- Water and Waste Water 99
- Economy and Industries 101
- Land Use and Agriculture 103
- Culture and Tourism 105
- Country: Bulgaria 119
- Country: Czech Republic 119
- Country: Denmark 120
- Country: Finland 121
- Country: Ireland 121
- Country: Romania 122
- Country: Spain 123
- Country: Sweden 125
