Individuals of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) ancestry in the US have been targeted by anti-immigrant and counterterrorism policies and have been the focus of vitriolic political rhetoric. Despite this, lack of data identifying MENA individuals has prevented systematic evaluation of the impact of these policies and rhetoric on MENA communitiesβ wellbeing, including investment in health capital. This paper begins to address this gap in knowledge using a large, longitudinal medical records database with expanded race and ethnicity measures to describe disparities and evaluate the impact of immigration policies and anti-MENA rhetoric on preventive care use among MENA children in the US. Specifically, we evaluate the election of Donald Trump, and find that the election decreased MENA childrenβs utilization of vaccinations and well visits. Documenting MENA health and outcomes following official US policy and rhetoric is paramount for understanding the full consequences of policies that target underrepresented groups.
Authors
Shooshan Danagoulian, Owen Fleming, Daniel S. Grossman, David Slusky
- Acknowledgements & Disclosure
- The authors are grateful for comments received from Brandyn Churchill, Aaron Schwartz, Engy Ziedan, participants of the University of Michigan Dearborn seminar, ASHEcon 2024, APPAM 2023, and SEA 2023. We also thank the COVID-19 Research Database for making this research possible, and particularly, Victoria Young for amazing research support. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3386/w32676
- Pages
- 63
- Published in
- United States of America
Table of Contents
- NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES 1
- INVESTMENT IN PREVENTIVE CARE FOR CHILDREN OF MIDDLE EASTERN ANCESTRY DURING THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION 1
- Shooshan Danagoulian Owen Fleming Daniel S. Grossman David Slusky 1
- Working Paper 32676 httpwww.nber.orgpapersw32676 1
- NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02138 July 2024 1
- Shooshan Danagoulian Department of Economics Wayne State University 656 W. Kirby St. FAB 2095 Detroit MI 48202 fr4523wayne.edu 2
- Owen Fleming hg3490wayne.edu 2
- Daniel S. Grossman Department of Economics West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506-6025 and NBER daniel.grossmanmail.wvu.edu 2
- David Slusky Department of Economics University of Kansas 1460 Jayhawk Boulevard Lawrence KS 66045 and NBER david.sluskyku.edu 2
- Introduction 3
- Background 6
- Middle Eastern and North African MENA Ancestry 6
- Anti-MENA Rhetoric and Federal Policies 7
- Secure Communities 9
- Data 10
- COVID-19 Research Database project 10
- Outcomes of Interest 12
- Identifying Age from Procedures 13
- Secure Communities Enforcement Data 14
- Method 15
- Two-way Fixed-effects of the Trump Administration 15
- ππ ππ π½π½ π π πππ π ππ π½π½ πππππππ‘π‘ π π πππ π ππ ππ πΎπΎ πΏπΏ ππ πππ₯π₯ ππ 15
- π π πππ π ππ π΄π΄πππ΄π΄ππππ π»π»π΄π΄πππ»π»πππππ΄π΄π π πππππππ΄π΄ 16
- πππππππ‘π‘ 16
- π½π½ πππππππ‘π‘ π π πππ π ππ 16
- πππ₯π₯ 16
- ππ ππ πΌπΌ π π πππ π ππ πΌπΌ ππππππππππ 17
- π π πππ π ππ πΎπΎ πΏπΏ ππ πππ₯π₯ ππ 17
- ππππππππππ 17
- Mechanism 17
- ππ πΌπΌ π½π½ π π πππ π ππ 17
- π½π½ π π πππ π ππ πππππππ‘π‘ 17
- π½π½ π π πππ π ππ πππππππ‘π‘ π·π·πππ‘π‘πππ΄π΄πππππ·π·ππ 17
- π½π½ π π πππ π ππ π·π·πππ‘π‘πππ΄π΄πππππ·π·ππ 18
- π½π½ π·π·πππ‘π‘πππ΄π΄πππππ·π·ππ πππππππ‘π‘ π½π½ π·π·πππ‘π‘πππ΄π΄πππππ·π·ππ ππ πΎπΎ 18
- πΏπΏ ππ πππ₯π₯ ππ 18
- π·π·πππ‘π‘πππ΄π΄πππππ·π·ππ 18
- Results 18
- Descriptive Results 18
- Main Analysis 19
- Vaccines 21
- Mechanisms Secure Communities 21
- MENADETAINERS 22
- POST 22
- Heterogeneity and Robustness 23
- Gender Differences 23
- Payer Differences 23
- Sample Composition Robustness 24
- Age Range Robustness 26
- Discussion 26
- Our Results in the Context of Literature 26
- Policy Implications 29
- Acknowledgements 31
- References 31
- Figure 1 35
- Figure 2 36
- Figure 3 37
- Figure 4 38
- Figure 5 39
- Table 1 40
- Table 2 41
- Table 3 42
- Table 4 43
- Table 5 44
- Appendix A Secure Communities 45
- Figure A1 47
- Figure A2 48
- Appendix B Data Racial and Ethnic composition of patients Figure B1 49
- State composition 50
- Figure B2 51
- Figure B3 52
- Appendix C Adjusted time trends all groups Figure C1 53
- Figure C2 54
- Appendix D Additional regression results all groups Table D1 Summary Statistics 55
- Table D2 57
- Table D3 58
- Appendix E Quarterly and Monthly Event Studies Figure E1 59
- Appendix F Sensitivity of main results to state inclusion. Figure F1 black red blue 60
- Appendix G Alternative Sample Definitions Table G1 62
