Key Recommendations for Reforming U.S. Nuclear Energy

NRC, which under the Atomic Energy Act (AEA) is responsible for the regulation of nuclear technologies and is tasked to “provide reasonable assurance of adequate protection of public health and safety and to promote the common defense and security and to protect the environment”.3 The NRC regulates and oversees the 94 operating nuclear reactors. [...] NIA defines NRC reform as a comprehensive effort involving Congress, the NRC Commissioners, NRC management and staff, and advanced reactor applicants to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of advanced reactor licensing and regulatory oversight. [...] Congress controls the budget and staffing of NRC through the appropriations process, conducts oversight hearings on NRC operations, creates reporting requirements on NRC activities, and can amend the Atomic Energy Act to change the statutory mandate of the agency. [...] NIA’s Recommendations to NRC Management and Staff Management and staff form the core of the NRC, tasked with implementing Commission directives, establishing milestones and timelines, and ensuring all operations and activities align with the agency’s mission. [...] Maintain open lines of communication regarding the engagement and review processes (including roles and responsibilities of NRC offices and the ACRS) and emergent technical issues and review challenges.