For example, the consumption of platinum and iridium in PEM electrolysers can potentially be reduced, and the thickness of the membrane in PEM and alkaline electrolysers can be decreased substantially, potentially through the use of nanotechnology. [...] We identify and quantify aspects of the indigenisation of electrolyser manufacturing in India, including the mineral requirement to meet our green hydrogen production targets in the short and the long term and the geopolitical factors affecting the availability of these critical minerals. [...] The electrons are transferred to the cathode via a wire completing the circuit, while the H+ ions are conducted via the membrane and reach the cathode, where they combine with the electrons to produce hydrogen. [...] While the bipolar plate is responsible for electrical conduction and the distribution of reactants and products within the cells, as well as maintaining the integrity of the membrane and electrodes, the frame provides structural integrity and support to the overall stack. [...] The frame keeps the internal components of the cell together and provides the flexibility required to hold the stack; it is made of PPS-40GF thermoplastic.
- Pages
- 84
- Published in
- India
Table of Contents
- How can Hydrogen Electrolysers be Made in India 1
- A Bottom-up Cost Assessment to Quantify the Indigenisation Potential 1
- How can Hydrogen 3
- Electrolysers be Made in India 3
- A Bottom-up Cost Assessment to Quantify the 3
- Indigenisation Potential 3
- About CEEW 4
- Contents 5
- Executive summary 7
- A. Bottom-up manufacturing cost and potential for indigenisation in electrolysers 7
- B. Technology development targets 12
- C. Policy recommendation and conclusion 14
- 1. Introduction 15
- 2. Electrolyser technologies 17
- 3. Global and domestic status of electrolyser manufacturing 21
- 3.1 Global status of electrolyser manufacturing 21
- 3.2 Status of electrolyser manufacturing in India 23
- 4. Electrolyser components 29
- 4.1 Single repeating unit SRU 29
- 4.2 Electrolyser stack 31
- 4.3 Balance of plant BoP 31
- 5. Bottom-up evaluation of electrolyser manufacturing costs in India 33
- 5.1 Proton exchange membrane PEM electrolyser 33
- 5.2 Alkaline electrolyser manufacturing 42
- 5.3 Solid oxide electrolysers SOEs 51
- 6. Mineral requirement for electrolyser manufacturing vs global supply chains 59
- 6.1 Mineral requirements for electrolyser manufacturing 59
- 6.2 Supply chain of critical minerals 61
- 7. The future of electrolyser technology and design 63
- 7.1 Anion exchange membrane AEM 63
- 7.2 Zero-gap design for alkaline electrolysis 64
- 7.3 Capillary-fed design 65
- 7.4 Electrochemicalthermally activated chemical E-TAC 66
- 8. Technology improvements and cost reduction strategy for electrolysers 69
- Cost-reduction strategies 70
- 9. Policy recommendations and conclusion 75
- 9.1 Develop a strategic approach towards maximising indigenisation 75
- 9.2 Develop a compendium for domestic suppliers of the components used for electrolyser manufacturing 75
- 9.3 Enhance local manufacturing of power electronics 75
- 9.4 Establish electrolyser testing facility 76
- 9.5 Focus on research and development for cost reduction and innovation 76
- 9.6 Developing resilient supply chain of minerals used in electrolyser manufacturing 76
- 9.7 Monitor imports of hydrogen-related components in India 76
- Acronyms 77
- References 78
- The authors 83
