We respectfully acknowledge the space our organization is headquartered in as the traditional and ancestral territories of the Blackfoot Confederacy, comprised of the bands Siksika, Piikani, and Kainai, the Îyârhe Nakoda Nations, including the bands of Goodstoney, Chiniki, and Bearspaw, and the Tsuut’ina Dené. [...] To support owners and operators in making sound investment decisions, the Pembina Institute engaged with stakeholders in the clean fuel and medium- and heavy-duty vehicle (MHDV) sectors to analyze the role of clean fuels in the transition away from fossil fuel powered vehicles. [...] The only province that has implemented a policy to increase the volumetric proportion of biofuel in the diesel pool over time is Quebec, where there is a requirement to increase the blend from its current 3% to 10% in 2030, modified by the fuel’s carbon intensity.1 Biofuels made up 3.5% of the diesel pool in Canada in 2021. [...] This is due to the low incremental costs of purchasing an RNG truck, the maturity of RNG technology, and the operational cost savings of RNG fuel over diesel.52 They also found that over the lifetime of the vehicle, the savings realized on trucks that run on RNG instead of diesel fuel offset the higher purchase price. [...] Ease of use In a scenario where hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles are commercially viable and the cost of hydrogen fuel is on par with the cost of gasoline and/or diesel, this type of vehicle is best suited for long-haul transport and is preferable to battery- electric given the high energy density of fuel cells and the fast fill characteristics.
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Table of Contents
- About the Pembina Institute 3
- Disclaimer 3
- Contents 4
- List of Figures 4
- List of Tables 4
- Executive summary 5
- 1. Introduction 8
- 2. Biodiesel 11
- Summary 11
- Background 11
- Use projections 11
- Net Zero Roadmap A Global Pathway to 11
- Keep the 1.5 C Goal in Reach 2023 Update 11
- Biodiesel Key characteristics and net-zero viability 12
- 3. Renewable diesel 16
- Summary 16
- Background 16
- Use projections 16
- Renewable diesel Key characteristics and net-zero viability 18
- 4. Renewable natural gas 22
- Summary 22
- Background 23
- Use projections 23
- Renewable natural gas Key characteristics and net-zero viability 24
- 5. Hydrogen 28
- Summary 28
- Background 28
- Use projections 29
- Net Zero Roadmap A Global Pathway to Keep 29
- Hydrogen Key characteristics and net-zero viability 30
- 6. Clean fuels and fleets in Canada 35
- Clean fuels as transition fuels 35
- Transit and school buses 36
- Light and medium-duty vehicles 37
- Heavy-duty vehicles 38
- Clean fuels and long-term solutions 39
- The path ahead areas of concern 41
- 7. Conclusion 43
