The European Commission proposed the AI Regulation in 2021,3 with the political agreement between the European Parliament and the Council of the EU achieved in December 2023,4 and the definitive text published in July 2024.5 The EU AI Regulation (or the EU AI Act) is novel in that it comprises comprehensive regulations that apply to various AI technologies across sectors. [...] First, the relationship between the EU AI 69 The legal foundation of the Regulation appears in Article 114 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which is applied when the purpose of legislation is to approximate laws. [...] Although the basic components of the provisions resemble Article 15.19 of the UK–NZ FTA, the UK–Australia FTA provisions emphasise the innovative aspects of AI (for instance, as reflected in the name and content of the dialogue mechanism, namely, the Strategic Innovation Dialogue105), presumably reflecting the pro-innovation attitude of the UK.106 At the same time, unlike in the UK–NZ FTA, in the. [...] 107 Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Australia and the Government of the Republic of Singapore on Cooperation on Artificial Intelligence; Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Science and ICT of the Republic of Korea and the Ministry of Communications and Information of the Republic of Singapore on Cooperation on Artificial Intelligence. [...] Currently, a draft AI law 133 is in the legislative process of the Brazilian Congress.134 The Bill adopts a risk-based approach, including the notion of prohibited AI systems, and is structured with the EU AI Regulation in mind.135 Further, the 127 Anu Bradford, The Brussels Effect: How the European Union Rules the World (Oxford University Press, 2020) 1.
Authors
- Pages
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- Japan
Table of Contents
- Abstract 1
- Contents 1
- 1. Introduction 2
- Regulating AI in Europe The EU AI Acts Global Impact Banking Sector Challenges 3
- 2. EU AI Regulation 4
- 2.1. Unacceptable Risk 4
- Subject Explanation 5
- 2.2. High-Risk AI systems 5
- Para. Content 7
- Art. Contents 8
- Subpara. Content 9
- 2.3. Enforcement 10
- 2.4. General-Purpose AI Models 11
- 2.5. Transparency Requirements All AI Systems 13
- 2.6. Extraterritorial Nature of the EU AI Regulation 13
- Politico 13
- 2.7. Brief Evaluation of the EU AI Regulation 14
- 3. EU AI Regulation and its Relationship to Existing International Economic Law 16
- 3.1. Compatibility with the WTO Framework 16
- Research Handbook on Digital Trade 17
- La via europea per lIntelligenza artificiale 17
- The WTO The Internet and Trade in Digital Products EC-US Perspectives 17
- WTO Trade in Services 18
- Artificial Intelligence and International Economic Law Disruption Regulation and Reconfiguration 19
- United States Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services 19
- Artificial Intelligence and International Economic Law Disruption Regulation and Reconfiguration 19
- Korea Various Measures on Beef 19
- United States Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services 19
- Russia Traffic in Transit . 20
- United States Origin Marking Requirement 20
- 3.2. Development of AI Regulation through FTAs and DEAs 21
- 4. The Brussels Effect and Future AI Regulation 25
- 4.1. Brussels Effect or Regulatory Fragmentation 25
- The Brussels Effect How the European Union Rules the World 25
- The Brazilian Report 25
- Internet Policy Review Opinion 26
- Inside 26
- Privacy 26
- Politico 26
- Deloitte Centre for Regulatory Strategy 26
- Reuters 28
- Digital Empires The Global Battle to Regulate Technology 29
- 4.2. Convergence in the International Sphere 30
- Reuters 31
- 4.3. Global AI Governance and the Contribution of FTAsDEAs 32
- The Conversation 32
- A Breakthrough for People 33
- Centre for International Governance Innovation 34
- Bilateral and Regional Trade 38
- Agreements Commentary and Analysis 2 Ed. 38
- Artificial Intelligence and International Economic Law Disruption Regulation and Reconfiguration 39
- Artificial 39
- Intelligence and International Economic Law Disruption Regulation and Reconfiguration 40
- 5. Conclusion 41
