The Context The timing of the 7 October 2023 attack was to disrupt the Abrahamic Accords, a series of bilateral agreements to normalise relations between Israel and the Muslim world. [...] Rather than focus on the lethal military option, Israel should have created three parallel tracks – first, to establish the basis for a two-state political solution to the Israel- Palestine problem; second, to fight Palestinian and other threat entities; and third, to normalise its relations with the Arab and the Muslim world. [...] The way Israel crippled Hamas and Hezbollah and dented Ansarullah, will it be able to fight Iran and the Iran-backed Shi’ite militias in Syria and the Popular Mobilisation Forces in Iraq? Unless there is a resolution to the conflict, Israel is likely to mount a devastating strike on Iran, degrading its economy, decapitating its leadership, and perhaps even destroying its nuclear infrastructure. [...] If Israel targets Iran’s oil and gas infrastructure, is Iran likely to attack the energy infrastructure of Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and the United Arab Emirates? Will it also respond by closing the Straits of Hormuz and disrupting the flow of one-fifth of the oil and gas consumed by the world? The war in the Levant will likely spread to the Gulf, and the threat will spread beyond the Middle East. [...] The Next Task The international community should work with Israel and the Muslim world to establish a two-state solution to the Israel-Palestine problem.
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