The workforce in the informal sector is clearly less productive than in the formal sector, highlighting the urgent need to transition the workforce to the formal sector for higher productivity. [...] Research also explores the gender dynamics of the informal sector, highlighting the role of women in various informal activities and the need for gender-sensitive policies to enhance productivity and well- being (Kabeer, 2004). [...] INFORMALITY, PRODUCTIVITY, AND FINANCIAL INACCESSIBILITY: A STUDY OF SELECTED APO MEMBERS | 11 (Percentage %) CHAPTER 1 BANGLADESH Relationship between the Formal and Informal Economy in Bangladesh The relationship between the formal and informal economy in Bangladesh is a complex and multifaceted issue. [...] Overall, the positive association between informal sector productivity and financial inclusion indicators in Bangladesh underscores the importance of expanding access to financial services and promoting financial inclusion as key drivers of economic growth and development in the country. [...] These constraints contribute to the productivity gap between formal and informal firms Informal Sector Productivity and Credit Access Financial Accessibility, Informal Economy, and Productivity Growth: A Literature Review The empirical literature extensively discusses the primary challenges of the informal sector.
- Pages
- 244
- Published in
- Japan
Table of Contents
- INFORMALITY PRODUCTIVITY AND FINANCIAL INACCESSIBILITY A STUDY OF SELECTED APO MEMBERS 3
- CONTENTS 5
- FOREWORD 9
- INFORMALITY PRODUCTIVITY AND FINANCIAL INACCESSIBILITY NEXUS AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE 10
- Setting the Scene 10
- Objectives 11
- Nature of the Study and Research Methodology 11
- Chapter Structure and Arrangement 12
- CHAPTER 1 13
- BANGLADESH 13
- Abstract 13
- Introduction 13
- Methodology 14
- Literature Review 14
- Concept of Informal Economy and Its Contribution 15
- Definition of Informal Sector and Its Key Statistics in Bangladesh 16
- Productivity in the Informal Sector in Bangladesh 20
- Relationship between the Formal and Informal Economy in Bangladesh 24
- Barriers of the Informal Sector Resulting Low Productivity in Bangladesh 24
- Informal Sector Productivity and Financial Inaccessibility Issues in Bangladesh 25
- Linkage between Informality Productivity and Financial Access in Bangladesh 26
- Case Studies on Informal Sector 27
- Interventions for Transitioning from Informal to Formal 30
- Recommendations for Effective Strategies to Transition to the Informal Sector 31
- Limitations of the Research 31
- Conclusion 32
- CHAPTER 2 33
- CAMBODIA 33
- Abstract 33
- Introduction to the Informal Economy and Productivity Growth 33
- Sources of Funds and Challenges in FinanceCredit Accessibility 43
- Case Study Access to Finance for Starting a Business 45
- Policy Intervention 45
- Conclusion 46
- CHAPTER 3 48
- FIJI 48
- Abstract 48
- Understanding Informality 48
- Sources of Finance and Accessibility The Fijian Experience 55
- Policy Intervention and Experiences 65
- Policy Implications and Conclusion 68
- CHAPTER 4 71
- INDIA 71
- Abstract 71
- Introduction to the Informal Economy and Productivity Growth 71
- Informal Sector Productivity and Credit Access 73
- Case Studies 76
- Sources of Funds and Challenges Faced in FinanceCredit Accessibility 79
- Policy Intervention 81
- Conclusion 82
- CHAPTER 5 85
- LAO PDR 85
- Abstract 85
- Overview of Informal Economy Statistics in Lao PDR 85
- Informal Sector Productivity and Credit Access 92
- Policy Intervention 99
- Conclusion 100
- Policy Recommendations 100
- CHAPTER 6 102
- MALAYSIA 102
- Abstract 102
- Introduction 102
- Informal Economy and Productivity Growth in Malaysia 103
- Informal Sector Productivity and Credit Access 106
- Sources of Funds and Challenges Faced in Credit Accessibility 115
- Policy Intervention 116
- Conclusions 118
- Appendix 1 119
- Appendix 2 120
- Appendix 3 122
- CHAPTER 7 123
- MONGOLIA 123
- Abstract 123
- Introduction to Mongolias Informal Economy and Productivity Growth 123
- Main Causes of Informal Economy in Mongolia 132
- Informal Sector Productivity and Credit Access 133
- Sources of Funds and Challenges in FinanceCredit Accessibility 139
- Policy Interventions 143
- Conclusions and Recommendations 144
- Abstract 146
- Introduction to the Informal Economy and Productivity Growth 146
- CHAPTER 8 146
- PAKISTAN 146
- Sociodemographic Profile of Informal Sector Employment in Pakistan 147
- Informal Sector Productivity and Credit Access 150
- Sources of Funds and Challenges Faced in FinanceCredit Accessibility 155
- Access to Finance and Labor Productivity in the Informal Sector Case Studies from Pakistan 157
- Policy Interventions 158
- Conclusion and Discussion 160
- Appendix 1 162
- Appendix 2 162
- CHAPTER 9 163
- SRI LANKA 163
- Abstract 163
- Introduction 163
- Informal Sector Productivity and Credit Access 169
- Sources of Funds and Challenges Faced in FinanceCredit Accessibility 178
- Policy Intervention 180
- Conclusions 180
- Recommendations 181
- Annexe 1 182
- Annexe 2 182
- Annexe 3 182
- Annexe 4 183
- CHAPTER 10 185
- TURKIYE 185
- Introduction 185
- Informal Economy and Productivity in Turkiye 185
- Policy Intervention 203
- Conclusion 204
- CHAPTER 11 206
- BRIDGING GAPS REFLECTIONS ON INFORMALITY PRODUCTIVITY AND FINANCIAL INACCESSIBILITY ISSUES 206
- Summary of Member Economy Reports and Policy Recommendations 206
- REFERENCES 212
- LIST OF TABLES 233
- LIST OF FIGURES 235
- ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 238
- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 241
- Chief Expert 241
- National Experts 241
- APO Secretariat 242
