There had been an expectation that after the opening of the economy in the 1990s and the increase in competition, the private sector would be incentivised to give much greater emphasis to R&D and technology development. [...] This issue is of great concern since the lack of nourishment in the formative stages of childhood results in diminished mental ability because of underdevelopment of the brain. [...] “The experience of the 25 years since reforms demonstrates that leaving the provision of healthcare to the invisible hand of the market is not the solution to achieving better health outcomes… In all high-performing healthcare systems, governments act purposefully to finance, plan and deliver the required services” (Mor et. [...] The Parliament of the Union Government and the legislatures of the state Governments de- bate and then pass the laws that govern the country. [...] This is an example of the kind of institutional measures that need to be taken to ascend to the next level of sustainable growth of the country.
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Table of Contents
- How Have Countries Escaped the Middle-Income Trap: Can it Still be Done? 5
- Is India in a Middle-Income Trap? 7
- Key Challenge: Transformational Structural Change Through Employment Generation 7
- How to Get Out of the Middle-Income Trap 9
- The Imperatives of State Strengthening for Escaping the Low Middle-Income Trap 13
- What Should We Do: Key Areas for Action 14
- Education 14
- Health 18
- Governance: Need for State Strengthening 20
- Parliament: It Needs to Work More 20
- Public Administration: Still Steeped in the Antiquated Colonial Structure 21
- Regulatory Institutions: Further Strengthening Needed 23
- The Judicial System: Justice Delayed is Justice Denied 25
- We have a Difficult Road Ahead: But Have No Time to Lose 27
- References: 29
- About the author 31
