Mongolia’s development prospects are uniquely challenged by both the impacts of climate change and the global shift toward a low-carbon economy. The country’s efforts toward decarbonization pose significant challenges given the structurally high-emission intensity of its economy. While challenging, climate action also presents Mongolia with opportunities to achieve important development benefits. The effects of climate risks and the shift away from coal will have diverse impacts across different regions, communities, and socioeconomic levels. The report assesses the critical interconnections between Mongolia’s development ambitions and climate change action and identifies ways to transition to a more economically diversified, inclusive, and resilient development path. It highlights key climate and transition risks affecting Mongolia’s future development and presents a pathway to enhance climate mitigation and adaptation. The report also makes a case for strengthening policies to enhance resilience to climate change and ensure a just transition, particularly for the most vulnerable. The report is structured as follows: section 1 gives introduction. Section 2 delves into the linkages between development and climate in Mongolia and presents model-based findings on the economic and poverty impacts of climate change under different scenarios. Section 3 covers four in-depth sectoral analyses. The first two mainly focus on adaptation to climate change in the agriculture and water sectors. The third considers prospects for the extraction sector, while the fourth sectoral analysis focuses on decarbonizing power and heat generation. Section 4 shifts the focus to how the government can boost resilience for climate-vulnerable populations. Section 5 outlines options for mobilizing private and public financing and private investments to support the green transition. Section 6 examines the existing institutional and governance structure for climate action and presents recommendations to improve its effectiveness, and section 7 concludes with a framework for prioritizing the policy actions outlined in this report.
Authors
- Citation
- “ World Bank Group . 2024 . Mongolia Country Climate and Development Report . © Washington, DC: World Bank . http://hdl.handle.net/10986/42273 License: CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO . ”
- Collection(s)
- Country Climate and Development Reports (CCDRs) Mongolian PDFs Available
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1596/42273
- Identifier externaldocumentum
- 34405583
- Identifier internaldocumentum
- 34405583
- Pages
- 114
- Published in
- United States of America
- Region country
- Mongolia
- Report
- 194153
- Rights
- CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO
- Rights Holder
- World Bank Group
- Rights URI
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo
- UNIT
- EFI-EAP-MTI-MacroFiscal-1 (EEAM1)
- URI
- https://hdl.handle.net/10986/42273
- date disclosure
- 2024-10-22
- region administrative
- East Asia and Pacific
Files
Table of Contents
- COUNTRY CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT 3
- Climate Risks to Development 4
- Financing the Transition 4
- Climate and Development in Key Sectors 4
- Policies Institutions and Regulatory Framework 4
- Summary of Policy Recommendations 4
- Managing Disaster Risk and Building Resilience 4
- INTRODUCTION 9
- 2 CLIMATE RISKS TO DEVELOPMENT 13
- CLIMATE RISKS TO DEVELOPMENT 13
- 519 13
- 2.1. ROBUST DEVELOPMENT PROGRESS WITH LINGERING CHALLENGES 14
- 2.2. HOW A CHANGING CLIMATE WILL AFFECT MONGOLIA 17
- 2.3. DECARBONIZATION IN MONGOLIA WILL BE CHALLENGING BUT WOULD HAVE STRONG HEALTH BENEFITS 24
- CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT IN KEY SECTORS 28
- 2051 28
- 3.1. FOOD SYSTEMS LAND USE AND RESTORATION 29
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 35
- 3.2. WATER DEMAND AND SUPPLY 37
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 41
- 3.3. MINING AND THE GLOBAL CLIMATE TRANSITION 43
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 51
- 3.4. ENERGY SECTOR TRANSITION 52
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 58
- MANAGING DISASTER RISK AND BUILDING RESILIENCE 60
- 5264 60
- 4.1. MAKING DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT DRM FORWARD LOOKING AND FIT-FOR-PURPOSE 61
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 63
- 4.2. BEYOND DISASTER RISKS BUILDING RESILIENCE FOR THE MOST VULNERABLE 65
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 67
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 69
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 72
- FINANCING THE TRANSITION 73
- 6581 73
- 5.1. THE CLIMATE INVESTMENT NEEDS 74
- 5.2. CREATING THE FISCAL SPACE NEEDED FOR LOW- CARBON AND CLIMATE- RESILIENT TRANSITION 76
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 80
- 5.3. SEIZING THE PRIVATE SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES IN THE GREEN TRANSITION 83
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 85
- 5.4. MOBILIZING PRIVATE INVESTMENTS THROUGH GREEN FINANCE 86
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 87
- POLICIES INSTITUTIONS AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 90
- 8289 90
- THE REPORT RECOMMENDS 96
- SUMMARY OF POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS 98
- 9094 98
- 8 ANNEX 103
- REFERENCES 107
