Focusing on ‘stateness’ in terms of monopoly of violence and the existence of a professional bureaucracy, we distinguish between past cumulative experience of stateness (‘stateness stock’), the degree of present-day stateness, and the contemporary condition of state fragility. [...] In the original reports, the data reflect the situation in the previous year, not the year of the report. [...] Finally, in terms of the distinction between fragility and non-fragility, the two groups of countries are similar in terms of size in each of the three fragility datasets. [...] As many as 31% of the countries classified as chronically fragile have a difference of more than 1.25 (¼ of the scale) in the stock of the two core features of stateness. [...] Using the alternative depreciation rate slightly decreases the impact of aggregate stock and monopoly of violence stock on the likelihood of being chronically fragile but results remain significant in the full models at at least the 95% level of confidence.
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- 61
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