Acknowledgements The reviewing team of the guide would like to thank Fernanda Alcobé, Pascale Bird, Binyam Gebreyes, Shaila Mahmud, Camilla More, Anna Schulz and Lina Yassin for their detailed comments on the text, as well as Laura Jenks for her guidance. [...] Any errors remain the responsibility of the authors and/or the reviewing team. [...] The 2024 update of this publication was supported by the German Federal Foreign Office as part of the International Climate Initiative (IKI). [...] The 2015 edition was made possible with support from the joint UNDP-UNEP programme, ‘Building capacity for the least developed countries (LDC) to participate effectively in intergovernmental climate change processes’, funded by the Least Developed Countries Fund managed by the Global Environment Facility. [...] Under the terms of this licence, anyone can copy, distribute and display the material, providing that they credit the original source and don’t use it for commercial purposes or make derivatives.
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Table of Contents
- 1. The structure of climate texts 4
- 2. Bindingness in climate law 5
- 3. Drafting text language 6
- 3.1 Basic drafting text language 6
- 3.2 Preambular terms 7
- 3.3 Decision verbs 11
- 3.4 Action verbs 15
- 3.5 Qualifying language 17
- 4. Climate law buzzwords 19
- 5. Basic international law definitions 26
- 6. Common abbreviations in climate negotiations 28
- Selected bibliography 29
- Index 30
- Acknowledging 7
- Additionality 19
- Adequate and predictable (financing) 19
- Adopts 11
- Affirming 7
- Agreement 26
- Agrees upon/agrees to 11
- Ambition 20
- And 7
- Any future elaboration 17
- Appreciating 7
- Approves 11
- As appropriate/if appropriate/as necessary/if necessary/as applicable/if applicable 17
- As early as possible/as soon as possible 17
- Authorizes 11
- Aware of/being aware of 7
- Bearing in mind 17
- Bearing in mind that 7
- Bottom-up/top-down 21
- Calls for 11
- Calls upon/calls on 11
- Capabilities/capacities 20
- Carbon budget 20
- Clarifies 11
- Cognizant of 7
- Common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR-RC) 21
- Concurring 10
- Confirms 11
- Conscious of 7
- Consensus 26
- Considering 8
- Contributions 21
- Convinced of/that 10
- COP decision 26
- Cover decision 26
- Decides that/to 12
- Declares 14
- Defines 12
- Determines 14
- Emissions gap 22
- Emphasizes 12
- Emphasizing 8
- Encourages 12
- Endorses 12
- Endorsing 8
- Entry into force 26
- Equity 22
- Establishes 12
- Expresses 12
- Expressing concern 8
- Fair share 21
- Framework convention 26
- Having concluded that 8
- Having considered 8
- Having reviewed 8
- Having taken note of 8
- In a position to do so 17
- Including 18
- In particular 17
- Insists 12
- Invites 13
- Just transition 22
- Legally binding 26
- Liability 23
- Maintaining that 10
- May 6
- Means of implementation 23
- Mindful 8
- Must 6
- Mutatis mutandis 18
- National circumstances 23
- Nature-based solutions 23
- Net zero 23
- Non-market approaches 24
- Non-party stakeholders 24
- Notes 13
- Noting/noting with concern/noting with satisfaction 9
- Observing 10
- Or 7
- Party-driven 24
- Phase-out/phasedown (of fossil fuels) 24
- Principle 26
- Protocol 26
- Provisional application 27
- Ratchet mechanism 21
- Ratification 27
- Readiness 25
- Ready to do so 18
- Reaffirming 9
- Reaffirms 13
- Recalling 9
- Recalls 13
- Recognizes 13
- Recognizing 9
- Recommends 13
- Reiterates 13
- Reiterating 9
- Requests 13
- Reservation 27
- Resolves 14
- Response measures 25
- Safeguards 25
- Scale up 25
- Shall 6
- Should 6
- Soft law 27
- Stresses 14
- Stressing 9
- Subject to 18
- Takes note of 14
- Taking into account 18
- Taking into account/taking full account 9
- To accelerate 15
- To adopt 15
- To consider 15
- To develop 15
- To enhance 15
- To establish 15
- To facilitate 15
- To (further) elaborate 15
- To give (due) consideration 15
- To intensify 16
- To invite 16
- To promote 16
- To request 16
- To strengthen 16
- To take into consideration 16
- To the extent feasible/possible/practicable 18
- Towards 18
- Treaty 27
- Underlines 14
- Underlining 10
- Urges 14
- Urging 10
- Warning 10
- Welcomes 14
- Welcoming 10
- Well in advance 18
- Whereas 10
- Where necessary/where relevant/where appropriate 19
- Will 6
- With a view to 19
- Without (further) delay 19
