On 13th and 14th February 2024, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), on the initiative of Guyana, convened a high-level open debate to examine the impact of climate change and food insecurity on the maintenance of international peace and security, prompting a discussion on the complex and interconnected relationship between climate, food security and conflict. [...] There is a strong assumption in the literature in favour of the continued existence of a state.35 The logic behind this assumption is that one of the functions of international law is the maintenance of order, which in turn is based on the stability of international relations and, where possible and appropriate, the preservation of the status quo. [...] Additionally, resolution 63/281 noted the respective responsibilities of the principal organs of the UN, including that of the UNSC for peace and security, and of the UNGA and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) for sustainable development issues. [...] regional level, a presidential statement on West Africa and the Sahel in 2018 referenced the role of climate change on stability in Africa, and in Resolution 2457 ‘Silencing the Guns.’ These constituted the first explicit recognitions by the Council of the correlation between the effects of climate change and regional and national stability. [...] ANNEX 3: Presentations of the President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, the Secretary General and the briefers The presentations of the President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, the United Nations Secretary General, and the briefers can be accessed here including: ➢ Dr.
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Table of Contents
- The Impact of Climate Change Food Insecurity on the Maintenance of International Peace Security 1
- Background 2
- The State of Play The Climate Food Insecurity and Conflict Nexus 3
- Dispelling the Myths Should Climate and Security be Linked And is Climate Security an Issue for the UNSC 5
- Myth 1 Climate security is beyond the mandate of the UNSC and belongs in other UN bodies e.g. the UNFCCC or ECOSOC. 5
- Climate security as the ways in which climate change directly or indirectly affects the risks of violent conflict 5
- Myth 2 There is insufficient evidence that climate change causes conflict. 6
- Myth 3 The indirect nature of climate change risks to peace cannot trigger the UNSC mandate. 7
- Myth 4 The link between food insecurity and conflict is one-directional. 8
- Myth 5 Food security is an issue within the humanitarian sphere. 9
- Key Insights from the UNSC High-Level Open Debate The Impact of Climate Change and Food Insecurity on the Maintenance of International Peace and Security 9
- Introduction 9
- Climate change food insecurity and conflict 10
- Other perspectives on widening the UNSCs mandate 10
- Recommended action for the UNSC Member States and International Organisations 11
- What Can the UN Security Council Do on Climate Food Insecurity and Conflict 12
- Operative measures that the UNSC can take in case a climate-related risk is identified as a threat 12
- 1. 2. 12
- The UNSC can address climate change and food insecurity by widening the scope of its mandate. 12
- The UNSC can address climate change and food insecurity as part of its general response. 13
- The UNSC can address climate change and food insecurity through its conflict prevention efforts. 14
- Existing precedent for situation-appropriate action 14
- From a military security approach to a human security approach 15
- A widening scope of action in non-traditional security issues 15
- Available Course of Action Within the Respective Mandates of other UN Organs and Intergovernmental Agencies 16
- Cooperation E10 members 16
- Establishing a shared understanding 16
- Regional strategies 16
- Informal settings 17
- Country-specific resolutions 17
- Other UN bodies 17
- 1. UN General Assembly UNGA 19
- 2. The UN Environment Programme UNEP 19
- 3. UN Economic and Social Council ECOSOC 19
- 4. The World Food Programme WFP 19
- 5. The Food and Agriculture Organization FAO 20
- 6. UN Secretary-General UNSG 20
- 7. UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food 20
- 8. UN Famine Prevention and Response Coordinator 20
- 9. High-Level Task Force on Famine Prevention 20
- 10. Regional Offices 20
- 11. UN Climate Security Mechanism CSM 21
- 12. UN University 21
- Annex 1 Recommendations from the United Nations Security Council High-Level Open Debate 9547th meeting on 13-14 February 22
- ANNEX 2 A short history of climate and security in the Council 24
- ANNEX 3 Presentations of the President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana the Secretary General and the briefers 26
