These divide most of the The region extends south of the extensive Congo region along different latitudes, which move in a River Basin and comprises a narrow coastal plain north-south direction from a tropical sub-humid along the South Atlantic Ocean to the west and the to a sub-tropic arid climate. [...] The primary aim of the The biggest ongoing conflict in the region began SACU is to maintain the free flow of goods among in Mozambique in 2017. [...] In 2019, Mozambique the Zimbabwe-South Africa corridor (1.3 million and Zimbabwe were among the 10 most affected people per year) and the Mozambique-South Africa countries in the world by climate change-related corridor (1.2 million people per year) among the hazards, with the frequency of tropical cyclones and oldest and most frequented (UN OCHA 2022). [...] However, according to the African Develop- migration destination in the region, particularly for ment Bank, the financing gap for adaptation initia- skilled and unskilled Africans looking for work in tives in the region amounts to approximately 60–70 the mining, farming and service sectors. [...] In the first quarter of 2023, Southern Africa was hit by three Southern Africa hosts a significant number of tropical cyclones and two tropical storms, result- refugees and other migrants under the category of ing in the loss of over 890 lives and forcing 696,000 stateless persons displaced due to conflict or the people to flee their homes.
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Table of Contents
- Africa Climate Security Risk Assessment 1
- Summary 2
- Pathway 1 More frequent weather induced disasters compound root causes of instability 3
- Pathway 2 Climate risks and conflict impact human mobility 3
- Pathway 3 Land and water access and use conflicts 4
- Pathway 4 Weak governance of high-value natural resources 4
- Climate change and impacts 8
- Climate security risk pathways 12
- Responses and good practices 23
- African Island States 29
- How to read the plots 32
