Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) Integrated Flood Resilience and Adaptation Project (P180323) (English)

Table of Contents

• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7
• 1. INTRODUCTION 11
• 1.1 Project Background 11
• 1.2 Purpose of the ESMF 12
• 1.3 ESMF Preparation Methodology 12
•  Review of project details and description to understand project activities likely to impact socio-economic environment. 12
•  Review of relevant legislations, policies, standards and guidelines to determine the policy, legal and institutional environment for the Project based on World Bank ESF, national and provisional level. 12
•  Review of secondary literature to understand project area, sample safeguards guard documents to guide this assessment; and different published development reports for taking stock of environmental and socioeconomic baseline conditions. 12
•  Conducting consultation with project stakeholders. 12
•  Scoping, screening and impact assessment while developing interaction between project activities and key environmental aspects to screen out the significance of adverse environmental, biological and social impact and proposing generic mitigation mea... 12
• 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 13
• 1 13
• 1 13
• 2.1 Project Development Objective 13
• 2.2 Project Components 13
• 2.3 Project Beneficiaries 17
• a) Beneficiary Selection under the Housing Component (Component 3) 17
•  The grants will be geographically targeted to selected tehsils in the most affected districts. The selection, to be undertaken in consultation with the GoB and GoP, will be based on tehsils that contain relatively poorer segments of the population a... 17
•  The housing grant for reconstruction of completely destroyed homes will be disbursed in successive tranches following on-site inspection and validation at key construction milestones (plinth level, lintel level, roof level, etc.) by implementation p... 17
•  The selection of partially damaged houses eligible for restoration grants will focus on transparency and minimal human discretion by using robust engineering principles and documentation. Partially damaged houses will be identified during damage ass... 18
• b) Beneficiary Selection under the Livelihood and Watershed Component (Component 4) 18
•  Severely impacted districts, talukas, and union councils: Based on the GoB damage assessment, a list of districts (including at the tehsils and union council level) will be prioritized to receive livelihood restoration assistance in the first phase ... 18
•  NSER Database for identification of poorest/vulnerable beneficiaries: Within the prioritized areas, NSER data will be used to identify the poorest beneficiaries at the village/neighborhood level. Where required, eligibility will be cross referenced ... 18
•  Village-level household registries to confirm the identification of the poorest beneficiaries: Based on approach already applied under BLEP, the Project will seek communities’ feedback to identify and confirm the most deserving households (confirmin... 18
• 2.4 Project Implementation Arrangement 18
• 3. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL POLICIES, REGULATIONS AND LAWS 20
• 2 20
• 1 20
• 3.1 Relevant National Policies and Regulations 20
• 1.1 20
• Table 3-1: National and Provincial Policies Legal Framework and Laws 20
• 1 23
• 2 23
• 2.1 23
• 3.2 World Bank Standards and Key Gaps with National/Provincial Framework 23
• Table 3-2: Relevant World Bank ESS and Key Gaps with the National Framework 23
• Table 3-3: Applicability of World Bank Policies 25
• 3.3 Obligations under International Treaties 26
•  Paris Agreement, 2015. 26
•  Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, 2004. 26
•  Vienna Convention, 1985. 26
•  Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, 1979. 26
•  UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the World’s Cultural and Natural Heritage, 1972. 26
•  Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 1994. 26
•  United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), 1992. 26
•  Kyoto Protocol, 1992. 26
•  The Rio Declaration, 1992. 26
•  Montreal Protocol 1987. 26
•  Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), 1975. 26
•  Convention for Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage, 2003. 26
•  Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989. 26
•  Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, 1979. 26
•  International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966. 26
•  International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1956. 26
•  International Labor Organization (ILO) Conventions – Ratified by Pakistan17F 26
•  C138 - Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138). 26
•  C111 - Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111). 26
•  C107 - Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention, 1957 (No. 107). 26
•  C029 - Forced Labor Convention, 1930 (No. 29). 26
•  C001 – Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 (No. 1) 26
• 4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE 27
• 4.1 Physical Environment 27
• 4.1.1 Geography 27
• 4.1.2 Topography 27
• 4.1.3 Geology 27
• 4.1.4 Land Use and Soil Erosion 28
• 4.1.5 Seismology 28
• 4.1.6 Water Resources 28
• 4.1.7 Climate 29
• 4.2 Biological Environment 29
• gratory Birds, Mammals and Reptiles 29
• 4.2.2 Forests 30
• 4.2.3 Deforestation 30
• 4.2.4 Notified Protected Areas and Management 31
• 4.3 Socio-economic Conditions 31
• a) 32
• 4.4 Post Flood Situation 33
• 5. STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT, DISCLOSURE AND CONSULTATIONS 34
• 3 34
• 5.1 Summary of Stakeholder consultations Conducted 34
• Table 5-1: Stakeholders’ Concerns/ Feedback and Response 34
•  Cash for Works 35
•  Asset transfers for agriculture and livestock 35
•  Cash transfers 35
•  Matching Grants 35
• o Adopting a bottom to top approach 36
• o Mechanisms to conduct needs assessments 36
•  Management 36
• o Having a needs-based approach 36
• o Empowerment of relevant line departments 36
•  Oversight 36
• o Third party monitoring mechanisms 36
• o Community sensitization/empowerment/ 36
•  Geographical Reach 36
• o Having an established database 36
• o Networking systems between all stakeholders 36
• 6. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM (GRM) 37
•  Provides affected people with avenues for making a complaint or resolving any dispute that may arise during the project implementation; 37
•  Ensures that appropriate and mutually acceptable redress actions are identified and implemented to the satisfaction of complainants; and 37
•  Avoids the need to resort to judicial proceedings. 37
• 4 38
• 6.1 Approach to GRM Establishment 38
• 6.2 GRM System 38
• 6.3 Existing Mechanisms 39
• 7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 41
• 5 41
• 7.1 Summary of Environmental & Social Positive Impacts 41
• 7.2 Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 42
• 7.2.1 Natural Hazards 42
• 7.2.2 Soil Erosion and Contamination 43
• 7.2.3 Wastes Generation 43
• 7.2.4 Ambient Air Quality 44
• 7.2.5 Noise Pollution 45
• 7.2.6 Water Contamination 46
• 7.2.7 Solarization of PMD Facilities 46
• 7.2.8 Flora and Fauna 47
• 7.3 Potential Social Impacts and Mitigation Measure 48
• 7.3.1 Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Risks 48
• 7.3.2 Community Health and Safety 49
• 7.3.3 Site Security 49
• 7.3.4 Labor Influx 50
• 7.3.5 Gender Base Violence (GBV) 50
• 7.3.6 Force/Child Labor 51
• 7.3.7 Elite Capture and Disadvantaged or Vulnerable Groups 51
• 7.3.8 Chance Findings of Important Physical and Cultural Resources 52
• 7.3.9 Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement 52
• 7.4 Institutional Capacity Limitations 53
• 7.5 Sustainability of Interventions 53
• 8. IMPLEMENTATION OF ESMF 54
• 6 54
• 8.1 Key Steps for Environmental and Social Management 54
• 8.2 Screening Analysis-E&S Screening 54
• Table 8- E&S Exclusion List 54
• Table 8- Subprojects Environmental and Social Screening 57
• 8.3 Environmental and Social Requirements in Bidding Documents 58
• Table 8-3: E&S Requirements in Bidding Documents 58
• 8.4 Institutional Arrangements for E&S Implementation 58
• a) Federal Level 58
• b) Provincial Level 59
• 8.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIS ENTITIES INVOLVED IN E&S MANAGEMENT 59
• 8.6 Environmental and Social mitigation and Monitoring Plan 62
• Table 8-4: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan 63
• 8.7 Monitoring 66
• 8.8 Reporting and Documentation 66
• 8.9 Training and Capacity Building 67
• Table 8.5: Capacity Building and Training Framework 67
• 8.10 ESMF Disclosure 68
• 8.11 Tentative ESMF Implementation Budget 68
• Table 8-6: Estimated Budget 69
• PIU 63
•  Project activities design will take disaster risk reduction into consideration. 63
•  Only shortlisted/pre-qualified Contractors shall be hired. 63
•  Embankments and excavated slopes will not be left untreated/unattended. 63
•  Approved Engineering design will be followed. 63
•  Avoid or minimize vegetation removal/clearing. 63
•  Sites will be restored upon completion of project. 63
•  Waste generated at sites shall be properly managed. 63
•  Vehicles must be properly maintained and regularly checked. 63
•  Ensure training and awareness sessions for the project staff. 63
•  Ensure proper waste management including storage, handling, transportation and disposal. 63
•  Left over construction and demolition waste materials will be reused, where possible. 63
•  Compliance with site specific waste management plan. 63
•  MSDS shall be followed strictly, where applicable. 63
•  Vehicles and other equipment shall be properly tuned and maintained. 63
•  All dust raising locations shall be kept wet with water sprinkling, where required. 63
•  Construction material will be transported in a covered truck. Vehicle speed shall be kept low. 63
•  Ensure provision of PPEs to project workers and trained them on their use. 63
•  Ensure compliance with the BEQS and IFC/WHO guidelines whichever is stringent (as per advice of Environment Specialist). 63
•  Main roads will be used to the maximum extent possible. 63
•  Vehicles and machinery shall be properly tuned and maintained. 63
•  Noisy construction work shall be limited to normal working hours. 63
•  Avoid excessive use of horns and vehicle speeds will be kept low; 63
•  Noisy construction activities will be displaced to a fair distance from the nearest sensitive receptors (if any). Construction schedules shall be disclosed to the nearby communities, where required. 63
•  Ensure the compliance with BEQS and IFC/WHO guidelines whichever is stringent (as advice of Environment Specialist). Ensure the effective implementation of GRM. 63
•  Construction camp will not be located within 500m of any water body. 63
•  Wastewater from the work site will be disposed through a settling tank of appropriate capacity, which will be levelled back after completion of construction work. 63
•  It will be ensured that the wastes are not released into any water bodies, cultivation fields, or critical habitat. 63
•  Ensure the compliance with BEQS and IFC/WHO guidelines whichever is stringent. 63
•  Construction machinery will be kept properly tuned and maintained. 63
•  Fuels and chemicals will be stored on concrete-floored, bounded, covered to provide shade and prevent the ingress of rain and should be located away from the open water sources. 63
•  Only shortlisted/pre-qualified service providers should be hired for the supply of solar systems. 63
•  Potential aspects shall be considered in the designing and planning. 63
•  Lead/acid/cadmium-based batteries will not be procured for solarization. 63
•  Ensure panels are treated with anti-reflective coating which reduces the sun’s reflection from PV panels. 64
•  Ensure that no waste material left behind after the completion of work; and 64
•  Repair any damaged caused by the installation of solar panels. 64
•  Project will specifically exclude physical investments that could have significant adverse impacts to natural and critical habitats. 64
•  Properly planned to avoid or minimize the cutting of trees/shrubs/herbs and loss of agriculture land. 64
•  Compensatory plantation will be carried out with a ratio of five trees for each tree fell/cut. Forest and Wildlife Departments shall be consulted to fulfill the legal requirements, where applicable. 64
•  Project staff shall be strictly directed not to damage any nearby agriculture land/vegetation/trees; 64
•  Vehicle speed shall be kept low. 64
•  Construction crew will be provided with LPG as cooking (and heating, if required) fuel. Use of fuel wood will not be allowed. 64
•  Hunting, poaching and harassing of wild animals and birds shall be strictly prohibited, 64
•  Ensure the compliance with the relevant measures provided for air and noise pollution and waste management. 64
•  Ensure compliance with the LMP and approved site specific ESMP. 64
•  Community liaison will be maintained during the construction stage and ensure compliance with GRM. 64
•  Ensure compliance with the Worker’s Code of Conduct; 64
•  Ensure that the site will be restricted for the entry of irrelevant people and appropriate safety signs at sites; 64
•  Ensure the provision of appropriate use PPEs to all workers and compliance with BEQs; 64
•  All the occupational incidents, accidents and diseases will be recorded and reported; 64
•  Ensure the provision of fire prevention and firefighting equipment; 64
•  Ensure the training of workers in construction safety procedures, use of PPEs, fire safety, waste management, defensive driving, hygienic conditions, emergency prevention, preparedness and response arrangements, communicable diseases. 64
•  Ensure compliance with site specific community health and safety plan. 64
•  Site will be restricted for the entry of irrelevant people particularly children, disabled and elderly peoples. Ensure the use of appropriate safety signs at the construction site. 64
•  Provide adequate fencing around the working areas and excavations. 64
•  Ensure the compliance with the mitigation measures provided for air, noise and waste management. 64
•  Vehicle limit shall be kept low and horns will not be used while passing through or near the communities. 64
•  Effective implementation of GRM will be ensured to timely address the issues. 64
•  Ensure due care of the local community and observe sanctity of local customs and traditions. 64
•  Warn the staff strictly not to involve in any unethical activities and to obey the local norms and cultural restrictions. 64
•  Training and awareness sessions will be conducted regularly. 64
•  Project will continue to rigorously engage with the local communities. 64
•  Maintain communication through employer with local police and law enforcement agencies and inform about construction activities particularly for sensitive areas. 64
•  Compliance with Security Management Plan, also reviewed and updated periodically in view of the current security situation of the area. 64
•  Ensure the effective implementation of GRM. 64
•  Ensure compliance with LMP and workers code of conduct. 65
•  Ensure compliance with GRM. 65
•  Locals will be given preference in hiring where possible, for both skilled and unskilled labor. 65
•  Respect local cultural norms and will receive training on cultural sensitivity and conduct. 65
•  A separate Action Plan on GBV/SEA/SH will be prepared for the Project and same will be implemented. 65
•  GBV/SEA/SH complaints received through the GRM will be redirected to the dedicated staff who are trained on the GBV Action Plan with the required sensitivities and confidentiality. 65
•  Labor and or other staff will be educated and made aware of the civil, social, and legal rights of women and vulnerable groups and about the actions taken in the event of GBV and SEA/SH. 65
•  Awareness session will be conducted regularly for community and workers through skilled trainers/ service providers. 65
•  Targeted communications and awareness to women regarding potential SEA / GBV risks, especially as literacy rates amongst women are lower. 65
•  Project staff (skilled and unskilled) will sign the code of conduct before commencement of civil works. 65
•  Service providers will be identified and mapped to address SEA/SH issues. 65
•  Provision related to SEA/SH or GBV will be incorporated in the bidding document. 65
•  Hiring children below the age of 15 for any type of labor, and below the age of 18 for hazardous work will be prohibited. 65
• 1 Ensure regular monitoring to check for child labor and will hold regular consultations to keep a check on forced labor. Follow the provincial labour laws and World Bank requirements during hiring the labor force. 65
•  Awareness will be created among the local communities and project staff. 65
•  Beneficiaries (particularly for component 3) and primary suppliers will be made aware of the provincial labour laws and World Bank regulations regarding child/forced labor. 65
•  A comprehensive Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) has been developed and will be implemented during course of project. 65
•  Ensure the compliance with the GRM and criteria for the project beneficiaries particularly for component 3 and 4. 65
•  Ensure that only the genuine beneficiaries are enlisted for the project support. 65
•  Project staff will be trained on social inclusion and stakeholder engagement. 65
•  Subprojects sites will be screened prior to commencement of civil work; 65
•  Ensure the compliance with the chance find procedure provided. 65
• 2 A separate Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) has been prepared and same will be implemented. The project will mostly adopt in-situ reconstruction, thereby minimizing resettlement requirements for housing component. 65
•  Stop the construction activities in the areas of chance find. 71
•  After stopping work, the contractor must immediately report the discovery to the Supervision Consultant. 71
•  The Director decides to take over the antiquity for purposes of custody, preservation and protection, the person discovering or finding it shall hand it over to the Director or a person authorized by him in writing. 71
•  Delineate the discovered site or area. 71
•  Consult with the local community and provincial Archaeological Department. 71
•  The Director shall, constitute a team of archaeologists for undertaking preliminary investigation and will decide about further course of action in light of findings of the team. 71
•  The suggestion of the local communities and the concerned authorities will be suitably incorporated during taking the preventive measures to conserve the antique, artefact and cultural (religious) properties; and Secure the site to prevent any damag... 71
•  Avoid the use of heavy construction machinery during the excavation process. 71
•  The Contractor staff must have relevant qualification and experience of similar projects. 71
•  Plaster and Painting Works: New Plaster, painting walls and other roof treatment should consider the original color scheme, layout and design to keep the aesthetic and visual impact of the site. Operational Phase: The authority responsible for the O... 71
•  Training and Capacity Building: The civil work activities shall be carried out by Pre-qualified trained Contractor under supervision of technical staff. The Contractors shall contain team of skilled labors having past experience in similar works. Tr... 71
•  Monitoring and Supervision: Strict Monitoring and supervision as per monitoring plan given in ESMP should be enforced during works. 71
•  GRM: The record of any complaints as per GRM mechanism of the project should be implemented. 71