Almost all the countries in the region are 1 For the purposes of this report, the authors define Central Europe as those countries in the region that joined the EU since 2004. [...] Until the eurozone crisis, the EU was narrowing the gap with the US, increasing its GDP per capita to 56% of the US level in 2011. [...] This in turn contributed to the development of the transport, logistics and forwarding in the region, resulting in the construction of warehouses, logis- tics & distribution centres and transshipment terminals, as well as the growth of road and rail transport companies. [...] In con- trast, the EU’s Green Deal has increased companies’ environmental report- ing obligations.17 Additionally, the IRA doubled the tax deduction cap for R&D expenses for SMEs to $500,000.18 Industry analyses suggest that the US designed the IRA to equalise the cost of electric vehicle battery production between the US and China, making it significantly cheaper than in the EU.19 Unlike the EU,. [...] Central European countries received nearly 45% (€243 billion, out of a total of €547 billion)31 of the EU structural and investment funds (ESIF)32 allo- cated to all 28 member states33 under the 2014–2020 Multiannual Financial 26 According to the regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the Horizon Europe programme, the ‘widening’ member states are: Bulgaria, Croatia, C.
Authors
- Pages
- 44
- Published in
- Poland
Table of Contents
- Konrad Popławski Sandra Baniak 1
- SEARCHING FOR NEW SOURCES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CENTRAL EUROPE 2
- Contents 4
- MAIN POINTS 5 4
- I. CHASING WESTERN EUROPE 4
- ARE THE FOUNDATIONS STRONG ENOUGH 9 4
- II. UNPREPARED FOR HIGHER PRODUCTION COSTS 16 4
- III. EUROPEAN INDUSTRIAL POLICY FAVOURS THE STRONGEST 21 4
- IV. EXHAUSTION OF HUMAN CAPITAL 26 4
- V. PROBLEM OF INSUFFICIENT INNOVATION FUNDING 31 4
- SUMMARY TIME TO SHIFT THE EUS EASTERN ENGINE 4
- INTO HIGH GEAR 43 4
- MAIN POINTS 5
- I. CHASING WESTERN EUROPE 9
- ARE THE FOUNDATIONS STRONG ENOUGH 9
- Table. 9
- II. UNPREPARED FOR HIGHER PRODUCTION COSTS 16
- Chart 2. 16
- Chart 3. 17
- Chart 4. 18
- Chart 5. 19
- III. EUROPEAN INDUSTRIAL POLICY FAVOURS 21
- THE STRONGEST 21
- Chart 6. 21
- Chart 7. 22
- IV. EXHAUSTION OF HUMAN CAPITAL 26
- Map. 26
- Chart 8. 27
- Chart 9. 28
- Chart 10. 29
- V. PROBLEM OF INSUFFICIENT INNOVATION FUNDING 31
- Chart 11. 34
- Chart 12. 35
- Chart 13. 36
- Chart 14. 36
- Chart 15. 37
- Chart 16. 38
- Chart 17. 39
- Chart 18. 40
- Chart 19. 40
- Chart 20. 42
- SUMMARY TIME TO SHIFT THE EUS EASTERN ENGINE INTO HIGH GEAR 43
- KONRAD POPŁAWSKI SANDRA BANIAK 44
