Social implications of and biomass availability for an innovative lignocellulose biorefinery concept based on the acetone organosolv process

For all sub-categories, the contributions of the individual biorefinery inputs and products to the risks and avoided risks as well as the ratio of risks to avoided risks are very similar. [...] Although the analysed location of the plant and of its direct (tier 1) suppliers is the Netherlands, more than 85% of the work-hours at risk are done at higher tier suppliers outside of the Netherlands and mostly outside of the EU. [...] How to read the figure: Using the example of the social subcategory ‘occupational toxics & hazards’ belonging to the social category “Health and safety”: the bar sections on the right illustrate that the work in the UNRAVEL plant and in the supply chain in the basic scenario is associated with about 1700 work-hour equivalents at medium risk in this subcategory per ton of dry biomass input. [...] Although the analysed location of the plant and of its direct (tier 1) suppliers is the Netherlands, more than 85% of the work hours at risk take place at higher tier suppliers outside of the Netherlands and mostly outside of the EU. [...] st How to read the figure: The 1 bar shows the social risks connected to the feedstock and country of origin of the basic scenario and is set to 100%.