PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN AFRICA 6 November 2022 INTRODUCTION Since 2002, the gradual development and operationalisation of the African Peace and Security Architecture has seen the AU and the RECs/RMs emerge as indispensable partners to the UN, particularly in the realm of Peace Support Operations in Africa.5 Broadly speaking, APSA refers to a constellation of interrelated institutions and actor. [...] Success stories of such triangular partnerships have been achieved, as seen for instance during the following: the recent Central African Republic peace talks; the Revitalised- Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS); at various stages of the AU–UN Hybrid Mission in Darfur (UNAMID); and the AU Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), where the AU worked in tandem w. [...] the enhancing the coordination between the “penholder system”) in order to gain more AU and the RECs/RMs, the relationship influence on African issues.21 This political between the two is still described as issue remains a source of frustration as problematic and contentious in various it constrains the margin of manoeuvre scenarios.18 Adding to this issue is the of African actors who find their e. [...] This will ideally help improve the political coordination • The UNSC, the AU PSC, and the between the UNSC and the AU and relevant RECs/RMs should agree, RECS/RMs. [...] partners, such as the UN DPKO, • African voices ought to be reinforced should consider seconding more of at the UNSC or at the very least their staff members, and appointing through reforms of the working more special representatives to methods of the council,- which the AU and the RECs/RMs to help would see the A3 members become reinforce their capacities and “penholders” (i.e.
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