Governance and Representation in the Afghan Urban Transition

VULNERABILITY IN AFGHANISTAN BEFORE AND DURING THE SHIFT IN POWER II This research was developed by the Chronic Poverty Advisory Network (CPAN, which at the time of the study was hosted at the ODI, and since then has moved to the Institute of Development Studies) and the Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit (AREU). [...] VULNERABILITY IN AFGHANISTAN BEFORE AND DURING THE SHIFT IN POWER 6 Conceptual Framing: Structural Vulnerability in Afghanistan Box 1: Definitions of Vulnerability, Poverty and Resilience Used in this Analysis Vulnerability: refers to the susceptibility to be harmed, and is embedded in social relations and processes that encompass complexity, dynamism, the intersection of identity factors, and wid. [...] VULNERABILITY IN AFGHANISTAN BEFORE AND DURING THE SHIFT IN POWER 11 Data and Methods the poverty line, is a vector of variables defining the characteristics of the household head, is a set of dummy variables stating in which province the household resides and whether it is in an urban or rural area, and is a vector of household specific controls. [...] VULNERABILITY IN AFGHANISTAN BEFORE AND DURING THE SHIFT IN POWER 16 % of respondents Dimensions and Responses to Vulnerability acute food insecurity as a result of expected contraction of GDP and the wider economic crisis, lack of development projects, supply chain disruptions, drought, and increases in the price of food, fuel, and fertiliser linked to the Russia-Ukraine conflict.28 More than hal. [...] Needs and Vulnerability in Afghanistan VULNERABILITY IN AFGHANISTAN BEFORE AND DURING THE SHIFT IN POWER 20 Dimensions and Responses to Vulnerability Another barrier observed in Figure 11 and the wider literature was the absence of female teachers, which limits girls’ access and attendance in particular.38 Even so, it is worth noting that the presence of female teachers alone is insufficient in im.