RFAs: • Requests for proposals on specific diseases, populations, methods • Typically $2-$3mn • Data on: • 453 RFAs from 2006-2009 • NIH grant applicants and publication history Myers (2020): The Elasticity of Science • What does Myers want to do? • How does he assess similarity of a scientist’s research with an RFA? • What are some challenge. [...] • Can detect teams that worked on same protein, have not yet published findings • Actual probability of being scooped? 8% • Actual decline in citations? 85% of the citation first to publish Dasgupta and David (1994): Towards a New Economics of Science • What are the advantages of a social reward system based on priority? • What are some inefficienci. [...] (2019) Public R&D Investments and Private Sector Patenting: Evidence from NIH Funding Rules • Can track citation chain from patents to papers to Biomedical NIH grants Patents • Also track patents to papers in same scientific field, Citation but not receiving NIH grants • Compare: Related • # of patents in year-science-disease area to Papers • $ in year-science-disease area • Idiosyncracies in NIH. [...] HHMI National Institutes of Health (NIH) Howard Hughes Medical Institute • biggest US biomedical science funder (HHMI) ($45bn in 2022) • $831mn budget in 2021 • Specific project proposals evaluated by • Individual investigators selected peer review sections (nominated by others) • NIH reputation for risk aversion • Encourages risk and experimentation • Grant renewal after 3-5 years; review • Grant. [...] • Death provides plausibly exogenous shocks to public honors ? • Compare citation profiles of elite life scientists who die, relative to elite life scientists who live • Death leads to: • Increase in public memorials • +7% citations to the work of the deceased • Permanent shift? Robust to starting citation count 5 years after death • Effect largest for recent and least well known works .
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