WORKING PAPER 2023-23 - Low- and zero-emission zones and social equity: Supporting the urban

Permanent LEZs adopted so far exist in the Brussels Capital Region (since 2018) and in Flanders (in Antwerp since 2017 and Ghent since 2020).13 Brussels The Brussels LEZ covers the Capital Region (encompassing 19 municipalities) with the exemption of the Ring (a 75-km urban motorway around Brussels) and certain routes to transit parking lots.14 The aim of the LEZ is to improve urban air quality an. [...] The legal frameworks enabling cities to restrict traffic to certain areas and vehicle types vary by region.36 The relevant legislation in England (outside of London) and Wales is the Transport Act of 2000,37 amended by the 2008 Local Transport Act.38 The relevant legislation in London is the Greater London Authority Act of 1999,39 amended by the 2008 Local Transport Act. [...] Private individuals living in the 32 London boroughs or the City of London Recipient of national low-income benefits Car, motorcycle, and wheelchair accessible vehicle scrappage Scrappage of a non-ULEZ compliant gasoline and diesel car £2,000 (€2,300) Scrappage of a non-ULEZ compliant gasoline and diesel motorcycle £1,000 (€1,200) Scrappage of a non-ULEZ compliant gasoline and diesel wheelchair ac. [...] The grants incentivize various options: the scrappage of a van, the scrappage of a minibus, the scrappage and replacement of a van or minibus with a 43 “Scrappage scheme,” Transport for London, accessed October 10, 2023, ultra-low-emission-zone/scrappage-schemes?cid=scrappage-scheme. [...] Based on the descriptions of the schemes, we provide the following high-level findings, targeted at local and regional governments with planned and implemented LEZs/ZEZs: Supplementary local financial measures in Brussels, Paris, and London aid individuals and businesses in most financial need.