Panel 3 - full presentation

Photo: Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, @DefenceU on X Ammunition 2 MtCO2e of GHGs emissions from the use of artillery ammunition, other ammunition and explosives. [...] Lifecycle approach: GHG emissions from manufacturing of ammunition and relevant raw materials, combustion of the propellant during firing, and detonation of the warhead at the point of impact. [...] Almost 98% of GHG emissions occur during manufacturing of ammunition and raw materials, while the remaining small fraction occurs during the use phase Photo: Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, @DefenceU on X Fortifications 0.1 MtCO2e of GHGs emissions due to manufacturing of concrete and other materials used for the construction of fortifications Hundreds of kilometers of “dragon’s teeth” lines a. [...] Methods: carbon emissions from forest fires • Determine the species and age structure of forest stands based on the data of the current forest inventory of Ukraine for each region of Ukraine • Estimate the total volume of biomass based on biomass models: coniferous (pine, spruce), deciduous (oak, beech, birch, aspen, and alder) • Estimate the volume of biomass losses as a result of forest fires of. [...] This step in the carbon emission estimation algorithm is based on available fragmentary scientific data and expert assessments Methods: fires on croplands and grasslands • Determination of the dominant species structure of the sown areas of agricultural crops • Estimation of yield and volume of biomass of agricultural crops within each oblast is determined on the basis of national statistics data.