Fertility

Fertility is the quality of being able to produce children. As a measure, the fertility rate is the average number of children that a woman has in her lifetime and is quantified demographically. Fertility is most commonly considered when there is a difficulty or an inability to reproduce naturally, and this is also referred to as infertility. Experiencing infertility is not discriminatory against any particular individual and the phenomenon is widely acknowledged, with fertility specialists available all over the world to provide expertise for assisting mothers and couples who experience difficulties having a baby. Human fertility depends on factors of …

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DIR: Daiwa Institute of Research Group · 24 July 2024 Japanese

健保組合別の出生率動向 出生率分布の推移:被保険者は平行移動、被扶養者は上位が大幅低下 下表は、被保険者、被扶養者それぞれの健保組合ごとの出生率につき、各年度における出生率の上位 10%、25%、中央値、下位 25%、下 位 10%の値を取り、その推移を見たもの。 被保険者は、グラフが概ね平行移動しており、上位から下位まで概ね同程度の幅で出生率が上昇している。 被扶養者は、2015 年度ごろから、上位の出生率の低下幅が大きくなる一方で、下位の低下幅は比較的小さく、組合ごとの出生率格差は縮小 傾向にある。 健保組合ごと・年度ごとの出生率分布の推移 (注)被保険者・被扶養者それぞれにおいて、当該年度に 15~49 歳女性が 1,000 人以上いる健保組合が対象。 (出所) 大和総研健保データをもとに大和総研作成 14 / 33 3. [...] 健保組合別の出生率動向 所得と出生率の関係:女性の所得が高い組合ほど被保険者出生率が高い 下表は、健保組合別の平均標準報酬月額(賞与を含まない月給)と、出生率の関係を見たものである。 被保険者は、女性の平均標準報酬月額が 30 万円未満においては、それが高い組合ほど出生率が高くなる関係にある。 …

Ueda(2022) “Salaries, degrees, and babies: trends in fertility by income and education among Japanese men and


NCAER: National Council of Applied Economic Research · 19 July 2024 English

Predicted Probability of using any contraception for eligible women in waves 1 and 2 of the IHDS panel 2005 and 2011-2012 (n = 42,211) Read More About the Authors Megha …

mothers’ labour supply in rural India: Evidence from fertility stopping behaviour. Journal of Population Research


World Bank Group · 18 July 2024 English

in education, increasing female life expectancy and female political participation, and reducing fertility rates. However, significant disparities persist in the labor market, entrepreneurship, earnings

female political participation, and reducing fertility rates. However, significant disparities persist Gender Assessment Bosnia Herzegovina 15 Figure 10. Fertility Rate (2001-2021) Source: The World Bank, Gender Accessed: January 8, 2024. Figure 11. Adolescent Fertility Rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15 – 19) (2000-2021) Statistics. Accessed: January 8, 2024. The fertility rate remains below replacement levels, stagnating average. Between 2000 and 2021, the adolescent fertility rate decreased from 17.8 to 9.9 children born


Individual Contributors to Policy Commons · 18 July 2024 English

and comedy. Tanvi Reddy, Austin, neural implants. Guillaume Blanc, Manchester/Provence, to study fertility and the demographic transition. Pedro Aldighieri, Northwestern, RiodJ, LLMs and progress in science


World Bank Group · 18 July 2024 English

Positioned as the linchpin in Albania’s journey towards a higher income economy and its aspirations for EU accession, the pivotal role of human capital cannot be overstated. However, the country …

exception noted in 2011 (Figure 10b). The adolescent fertility rate has not decreased significantly in the past Albania has not experienced a decline in adolescent fertility rates 10 Source: World Bank Gender Data Portal following North Macedonia. More- over, the adolescent fertility rate is higher in rural areas (28 births per 1 Accessed: January, 8 2024. Figure 11. Adolescent Fertility Rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15 – 19) (2000-2020) experienced a persistent decline in the total fertility rate, dropping below the replacement rate (2


World Bank Group · 18 July 2024 English

Promoting gender equality and enhancing women’s involvement in the economy are crucial for Serbia’s growth trajectory. It’s vital to actively engage, cultivate, and fully utilize the diverse skills and potential …

Repository. Accessed: January12,2024. The adolescent fertility rate has seen a significant decline since 2000 in the EU was less pronounced (Figure 12). The fertility rate decreased at the beginning of the 2000s, then, it has been on a slow rise. Currently, fertility levels are similar to those in the EU but be- countries in the Western Balkans, Serbia has a higher fertility rate than Albania (1.4), North Macedonia (1.3) Montenegro (1.75) as of 2021. Figure 12. Adolescent Fertility Rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15 – 19) (2000-2021)


World Bank Group · 18 July 2024

in education, increasing female life expectancy and female political participation, and reducing fertility rates. However, significant disparities persist in the labor market, entrepreneurship, earnings


World Bank Group · 18 July 2024 English

Promoting gender equality and increasing women’s participation in the economy are vital for North Macedonia’s development. Actively involving and fully utilizing the diverse skills of the population, especially those currently …

rise in son pref- erence, fueled by declining fertility rates and the availability of fetal sex-revealing Accessed: January 11, 2024. Figure 10. Adolescent Fertility Rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15 – 19) (2000-2021) Gender Assessment North Macedonia 16 Figure 11. Fertility Rate (births per woman) (2001-2021) Source: The Statistics. Accessed: January 11, 2024. The adolescent fertility rate has notably decreased over the past two decades Balkan countries, has seen a decline in adolescent fertility rates (Figure 10), with 16.4 percent of teenage


World Bank Group · 18 July 2024 English

Fostering gender equality and enabling women’s economic participation is critical for Kosovo’s development trajectory. Actively engaging, nurturing, and optimizing the diverse talents and capabilities of the population, especially of inactive …

EU27Country Gender Assessment Kosovo 15 While the fertility rate has decreased from 2.6 children per woman Over the period from 2000 to 2021, adolescent fertility rate has decreased, plummeting from 21.5 to 8 confluence of increasing life expectancy and declining fertility rates indicates that the rising old dependency burden to care activities for women. Figure 8. Fertility Rate, Total (births per woman) (2001-2020) Source: Accessed: January 11, 2024. Figure 9. Adolescent Fertility Rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15 – 19) (2000-2021)


World Bank Group · 18 July 2024 English

Montenegro has made significant strides in promoting gender equality since gaining independence. Improving women’s status is crucial for overall societal development, and Montenegro has seen progress in various sectors, including …

tributing to this imbalance include declining fertility rates, the availability of sex-re- vealing technology suicide (Figure 10b). Progress in adolescent fertility has been notable; the rate has significantly de- (Figure 11). Meanwhile, Montenegro’s overall fertility rate has remained relatively stable for 15 years Accessed: January 9, 2024. Figure 11. Adolescent Fertility Rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15 – 19) (2000-2021) Portal. Accessed: January 9, 2024. Figure 12. Fertility Rate (2001-2021) Source: The World Bank, Gender


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