German Democratic Republic

East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik [ˈdɔʏtʃə demoˈkʁaːtɪʃə ʁepuˈbliːk], DDR [ˌdeːdeːˈʔɛʁ]), was a country that existed from 1949 to 1990, the period when the eastern portion of Germany was part of the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War. Commonly described as a communist state in English usage, it described itself as a socialist "workers' and peasants' state". It consisted of territory that was administered and occupied by Soviet forces following the end of World War II—the Soviet occupation zone of the Potsdam Agreement, bounded on the east by the Oder–Neisse line. The Soviet zone …

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Publications

World Bank Group · 14 June 2024

在出口改善的推动下,2024年初中国经济活动回暖,但国内需求增长放缓。制造业和基础设施投资以及服务消费支出保持强劲,但房地产市场的调整仍在继续。长期来看,中国人口迅速老龄化将产生广泛的经济影响,但只要政策得当,人口结构的转变是可以应对的。中国可以通过提高劳动参与率和延长工作年限等政策来克服人口老龄化带来的经济挑战。可负担的托育服务、更好的工作与生活平衡、消除招聘中的性别偏见、提高退休年龄以及技能提升和终身学习等方面的措施,都有助于扩大中国的劳动力队伍并提高劳动生产率。

Responses to Policy Measures in the German Democratic Republic.” Population and Development Review 16(3):


World Bank Group · 14 June 2024

Economic activity picked up in China in early 2024, buoyed by stronger exports. Meanwhile, growth in domestic demand moderated. Manufacturing and infrastructure investment and consumer spending on services remained robust, …

Responses to Policy Measures in the German Democratic Republic.” Population and Development Review 16(3):


UN: The United Nations · 11 June 2024 English

17 p,

136–137. Netherlands – Recognition of the German Democratic Republic in 1968 – Netherlands Yearbook of International


UN: The United Nations · 11 June 2024

17 p,

136-137. Netherlands – Recognition of the German Democratic Republic in 1968 – Netherlands Yearbook of International


UN: The United Nations · 11 June 2024 Sindhi

17 p,

136–137. Netherlands – Recognition of the German Democratic Republic in 1968 – Netherlands Yearbook of International


UN: The United Nations · 11 June 2024

17 p,

136–137. Netherlands – Recognition of the German Democratic Republic in 1968 – Netherlands Yearbook of International


UN: The United Nations · 11 June 2024 French

17 p,

136–137. Netherlands – Recognition of the German Democratic Republic in 1968 – Netherlands Yearbook of International


UN: The United Nations · 11 June 2024

17 p,

136-137. Netherlands – Recognition of the German Democratic Republic in 1968 – Netherlands Yearbook of International


UNDP: United Nations Development Programme · 4 June 2024 English

Starting from a theoretical framework that conceptualizes policy outcomes as the result of complex interactions between actors, institutions and discourses, the paper synthesizes global research on the politics of (re)distribution …

formerly of the Soviet Union-aligned German Democratic Republic – had significantly more pro- redistributive


RAND Corporation · 7 May 2024 English

The perennial debate about whether U.S. allies are contributing sufficiently to the collective defense of the post–World War II liberal international order has resurfaced in recent years. In this report, …

Bloc. The other members included the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), the Polish Republic,


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