Utilitarianism
Utilitarianism is a family of normative ethical theories that prescribe actions that maximize happiness and well-being for all affected individuals. Although different varieties of utilitarianism admit different characterizations, the basic idea behind all of them is to in some sense maximize utility, which is often defined in terms of well-being or related concepts. For instance, Jeremy Bentham, the founder of utilitarianism, described utility as "that property in any object, whereby it tends to produce benefit, advantage, pleasure, good, or happiness...[or] to prevent the happening of mischief, pain, evil, or unhappiness to the party whose interest is considered." Utilitarianism is a …
WikipediaPublications
WEF: World Economic Forum · 25 September 2024 English
The Global Future Council on the Future of AI seeks to address and contribute to this important Despite significant advances in AI technologies, conversation, while highlighting concrete ways to the …
approaches such as different value systems includes: utilitarianism, deontology or virtue ethics, among others …
Cato Institute · 23 September 2024 English
In a recent essay, Georgetown Law professor and libertarian legal scholar Randy Barnett offered a provocative indictment of American libertarianism. The movement needs several updates, he argued, most notably regarding …
consideration. Pure natural rights theories and pure utilitarianism both have serious flaws. If youʼre a believer … to save thousands or millions of lives. Pure utilitarianism has similar awful implications. If a large … lives. The tension between natural rights and utilitarianism isnʼt unique to libertarianism, but itʼs especially …
Nordic Co-operation | Nordic Council & Nordic Council of Ministers · 5 September 2024 English
The concept of Nordic added value has increasingly come to serve as a guiding principle of inter-ministerial Nordic co-operation and its related institutions. However, there is an enduring sense among …
strongly associated with the ethical theory of utilitarianism. In the philosopher Jeremy Bentham’s (1748-1832) …
American Academy of Arts and Sciences · 12 August 2024 English
Nowhere does he speak of freedom of expression, and he uses the word ‘expres- sion’ only in the phrase ‘expression of opinion.’” According to Vernon, the argu- ment “is plausible …
” see Don Habibi, “J. S. Mill’s Revisionist Utilitarianism,” British Journal for the History of Philosophy … 81. 20 On Mill’s rule utilitarianism, see Rex Martin, “Mill’s Rule Utilitarianism in Context,” in John … (10) (1953): 33; and Henry R. West, Mill’s Utilitarianism (London: Continuum Books, 2007), 66–67. 21 …
NBER: National Bureau of Economic Research · 9 August 2024 English
We consider the optimal policy problem of a benevolent planner, who is uncertain about an individual's true preferences because of inconsistencies in revealed preferences across behavioral frames. We adapt theories …
of reasoning echoes a classic argument for utilitarianism due to Harsanyi [1955], and the intuition behind …
American Academy of Arts and Sciences · 9 August 2024 English
The Summer 2024 issue of Dædalus, the journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, featuring sixteen essays about free speech.
” see Don Habibi, “J. S. Mill’s Revisionist Utilitarianism,” British Journal for the History of Philosophy … 81. 20 On Mill’s rule utilitarianism, see Rex Martin, “Mill’s Rule Utilitarianism in Context,” in John … (10) (1953): 33; and Henry R. West, Mill’s Utilitarianism (London: Continuum Books, 2007), 66–67. 21 …
ALIA: Australian Library and Information Association · 5 August 2024 English
FAIR is in general applied to data and software (not information) accessibility in higher education research (it is not used in other sectors) and there is no reference to the …
range of perspectives that can be applied e.g., utilitarianism, deontology, social justice and contract, virtue …
NBER: National Bureau of Economic Research · 18 July 2024 English
An economic approach to calculating the Social Value of Temporary Reductions (SVTR) in atmospheric carbon is discussed. The SVTR allows different carbon removals projects to be prioritised in a way …
al., 2022; Drupp et al., 2018); discounted Utilitarianism is inappropriate (Nesje et al., 2023); or, …
UN: The United Nations · 12 July 2024 English
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international community to oppose selectivity and utilitarianism. The same delegation emphasized the legitimacy …
Ivey Energy Policy and Management Centre · 12 July 2024 English
regardless of the ultimate outcome of climate change. [...] This analysis thus rests on a form of utilitarianism in which the goodness of a state of affairs is defined in terms of the consequences on the well-being …
well-being. This analysis thus rests on a form of utilitarianism in which the goodness of a state of affairs … then this could be a good outcome according to utilitarianism and an efficient outcome according to externality …
