E-Governance and Citizen Engagement: Pathways to Resilient and Equitable Cities

Table of Contents

• Editors Note 3
• 1 Harnessing Technology for Improved Urban Governance in India 3
• 2 Bus Modernisation Through an Integrated Transport Plan The Case of Chandigarh 3
• 3 Integrating Technology in the Management of Cities 3
• 4 Towards a Mobility Data-Sharing Policy for Indias Smart Cities 3
• 5 The Role of Digital Governance in Creating Smart Cities 3
• 6 Digital Governance in Indias Smart Cities Mission 3
• 7 Bridging the Gender Digital Divide for Inclusive Urban E-Governance 3
• 8 Institutional Collaboration for Sustainable Road Transport The Need for Compatible Data Formats 3
• 1 Citizen Participation in Urban Governanc 4
• 2 Pathways to Participatory Urban Governance in India 4
• 100 4
• 3 Fostering Citizen Engagement Through Online Municipal Complaint Redressal 4
• 107 4
• 4 Locality as Frontier Recognising the Potential of the Neighbourhood 4
• 116 4
• 5 Mainstreaming Urban e-Governance for Peoples Participation 4
• 123 4
• 6 Community-Led Efforts in Sustainable Mobility The Story of Bengaluru 4
• 131 4
• 7 Cities for All Participatory Insights from Indias Urban Governance 4
• 137 4
• 8 Strengthening Democracy in Municipal Governance 4
• 148 4
• Editors Note 5
• Digital Governance and Smart Cities 12
• Harnessing Technology for Improved Urban Governance in India 13
• Laying the Digital Foundation 14
• National Urban Digital Mission 14
• Fostering Good Governance on Digital Foundations 15
• Improving City Sensing and Operations 16
• An Urban Renaissance 18
• Conclusion 19
• Bus Modernisation Through an Integrated Transport Plan The Case of Chandigarh 22
• ITS Solutions for Smart Cities 23
• The Implementation of a Bus Modernisation Plan 24
• Figure 1 A Conceptual Framework of Chandigarhs Bus Modernisation Plan 25
• Intelligent Transportation Systems 25
• Table 1 Sub-Systems of ITS-Based Bus Operations 26
• Assessing the Impact Modal Shift to Buses 28
• Conclusion 28
• Integrating Technology in the Management of Cities 31
• The Evolution of ICCC under the Smart Cities Mission 32
• Conclusion 35
• Towards a Mobility Data- Sharing Policy for Indias Smart Cities 39
• Proposed Policy Objectives Framework and Measures 41
• Figure 1 Proposed Policy Framework 42
• Conclusion 45
• The Role of Digital Governance in Creating Smart Cities 48
• Figure 1 Digital Transformation of the Public Sector 49
• Where India Stands 53
• Figure 2 UN E-Government Development Index 2022 54
• From e-Governance to GovTech 55
• Figure 3 UN Local Online Service Index 2022 55
• Digital Governance in Indias Smart Cities Mission 59
• Digital Governance and Interventions in Smart Cities 61
• Digitalising Without Democratising 64
• Bridging the Gender Digital Divide for Inclusive Urban E-Governance 67
• Figure 1 Percentage of Individuals Using the Internet in Urban and Rural Areas 2023 68
• Figure 2a Individuals Who Have Ever Used the Internet by State Gender and RuralUrban 69
• Figure 2b Individuals Who Have Ever Used the Internet by State Gender and RuralUrban 70
• Identifying Barriers 71
• Building Digital Bridges 72
• Inclusive Urban E-Governance The India Opportunity 74
• Conclusion 76
• Institutional Collaboration for Sustainable Road Transport The Need for Compatible Data Formats 83
• Figure 1 Change in AQI Levels vs. Number of Cities 84
• Lack of Data Synchrony 85
• The Geodatabase Imperative 86
• Figure 2 Centralised Geo-Portal for Storing Data and Metadata from Various Stakeholders 87
• Conclusion 88
• Citizen Engagement and Participatory Governance 91
• Citizen Participation in Urban Governance 92
• Learnings from Previous Approaches 93
• The Way Forward 96
• Pathways to Participatory Urban Governance in India 100
• Unfinished Agenda 101
• Strengthening Participatory Urban Governance in India 103
• Figure 1 Channels and Purposes of ULB-Citizens Engagement 104
• Fostering Citizen Engagement Through Online Municipal Complaint Redressal 107
• Effectiveness of Apps in Complaint Redressal 108
• Table 1 Indian Municipal App Downloads 109
• Figure 1 User Satisfaction with Various Aspects of the Indore 311 App 110
• The Missing Back-End 111
• Complaint Redressal in Smaller Cities 112
• Conclusion 113
• Locality as Frontier Recognising the Potential of the Neighbourhood 116
• The Centrality of Local and Decentralisation Duplicity 117
• Learnings from Dharavi 119
• Figure 1 The Construction of the Koli Jamat Community Hall at Koliwada Dharavi 120
• Conclusion 121
• Mainstreaming Urban e-Governance for Peoples Participation 123
• Figure 1 Status of Ward Committees in Indian Cities 125
• Figure 2 Status of Areas Sabhas in Indian Cities 126
• Challenges 127
• Community- Led Efforts in Sustainable Mobility The Story of Bengaluru 131
• Mobility Challenges 132
• Citizen-Led Initiatives 132
• Enhancing Citizen Engagement 134
• Cities for All Participatory Insights from Indias Urban Governance 137
• Rethinking Urban Paradigms for Public Participation 138
• Looking Bottom-Up 139
• Learnings from India 140
• Future Cities for All 142
• Strengthening Democracy in Municipal Governance 148
• Empowering Municipal Governance in India 149
• The Curious Case of Municipal Elections 150
• Table 1 Indian Municipal App Downloads 152
• Table 2 Indian Municipal App Downloads 153
• The Sorry State of State Election Commissions 155
• Upholding Democracy at the First Mile of Governance 156