South Africa: ‘In Africa’ but still not ‘of Africa’? - Where does – and where should – South Africa stand in relation to the

This situation presumably constitutes a severe disappointment for those – and there were many of them – who believed that the end of apartheid, the cessation of the white minority regime’s military, political and economic destabilisation of its neighbours, and the advent of peace in most of the region, would in themselves set in motion the train of spreading development and rising prosperity in So. [...] The source of the problem is that, during the of the Equator are landlocked, causing them to be apartheid era, and especially in the 1970s and 1980s, reliant on coastal countries – mostly South Africa – the situation in Southern Africa was misread by many for access to the sea. [...] Most academic attention to South Africa’s relationship n The accidents of geology, which had favoured the with the rest of Africa, and especially with the 10 countries Witwatersrand– and, to a much smaller extent, the south of the Congo, has focused on the ‘dark days’ between Copperbelt in Northern Rhodesia and Katanga – with the late 1950s – when the majority of African countries massive deposits. [...] of the newly independent black-ruled states for national self-determination and increased economic sovereignty Intra-regional commerce was facilitated by the fact that in the face of the highly unequal pattern of regional most of the countries in the region – Mozambique and development in the region. [...] was seemingly in process of obliterating all recognition of The deeper the dependency, the greater the desire to the mutual benefits of economic cooperation in the region, escape it; but the more they tried to escape, the closer some proponents of interdependence continued to hope South Africa would bind them.