Land-Climate Interactions

The frequency and intensity of some extreme weather and climate events have increased as a consequence of global warming and will continue to increase under medium and high Implications of climate change, variability emission scenarios (high confidence). [...] The pause in the rise of atmospheric CH4 respiration in warmer climates and carbon uptake from enhanced concentrations between 2000 and 2006 and the subsequent plant growth is a key uncertainty for the size of the future land renewed increase appear to be partially associated with land use carbon sink (medium confidence). [...] The recent depletion trend of the 13C isotope in the atmosphere indicates that higher biogenic sources explain part of the current CH4 increase and that biogenic sources make Biophysical and biogeochemical land forcing up a larger proportion of the source mix than they did before 2000 and feedbacks to the climate system (high confidence). [...] However, when forcing through direct and indirect aerosol effects, a negative both biogeochemical and biophysical effects are accounted for radiative forcing through the reduction in the atmospheric lifetime of within the same global climate model, the models do not agree on methane and it has contributed to increased ozone concentrations in the sign of the net change in mean annual surface air te [...] The chapter starts with an assessment there is low agreement on the sign of the net change in global mean of the historical and projected responses of land processes to climate temperature as a result of land use change (Hartmann et al.