Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for major emitters - Analysis of current climate policies and mitigation commitments:

Although, we do not explicitly include the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in terms of higher- induced energy prices and sanctions, we do include the impact of some policies related to the war (for example, those resulting in a reduction in gas imports from Russia in the EU). [...] The implementation and expansion of adopted climate policies is fundamental to ensure a peak in the group of 25 countries emissions in the coming years. [...] In both countries, the uncertainty in our projections is caused by the implementation of policies at different governance levels and a substantial share of the current policy emissions range is below the NDC target. [...] In the first 100 days of government, for example, the administration has reactivated the Amazon Fund, reestablished the Plan to Prevent and Control deforestation in the Amazon (PPCDAM), and restructured the ministry of environment, which is now the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (Política por Inteiro, 2023a). [...] It includes the update of the current Emissions Trading System (ETS) to cover additional sectors and achieve a higher level of emissions reductions (62% compared to the previous target of 43%), updates to the Effort Sharing Regulation, improvements in the renewables and energy efficiency targets, CO2 standards for passenger cars and vans and a carbon border adjustment mechanism, that will ensure t.