Arctic Ocean

The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans. It spans an area of approximately 14,060,000 km2 and is also known as the coldest of all the oceans. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, although some oceanographers call it the Arctic Mediterranean Sea. It is sometimes classified as an estuary of the Atlantic Ocean, and it is also seen as the northernmost part of the all-encompassing World Ocean. The Arctic Ocean includes the North Pole region in the middle of the Northern Hemisphere, and extends south to about 60°N. The Arctic …

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Publications

RAND Corporation · 7 November 2024 English

To what extent might China and Russia form partnerships in the Arctic region? In this paper, the authors offer their expert insights on the state of the Sino-Russian relationship regarding …

part—the Central Arctic Ocean, including the geographic North Pole—is not. The vast Arctic Ocean will also Geological Survey report. A seasonally ice-free Arctic Ocean also has implications for the increased navigability creating a possible sea route straight across the Arctic Ocean.2 Other industries, such as fishing, tourism Prevent Unregulated Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean.20 The Iceland-based Arctic Circle Assembly living in the Russian Arctic, the length of its Arctic Ocean coastline, the amount of economic activity


CEIP: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace · 1 November 2024 English

Russia’s nuclear development of the Arctic continues apace, but with the country cut off from regional cooperation initiatives and foreign funding, many worry it may struggle to respond to a …

ships regularly—and conspicuously—traverse the Arctic Ocean, training to counter Western submarines. Particularly


Nordic Co-operation | Nordic Council & Nordic Council of Ministers · 24 October 2024 English

The Co-operation Programme for the Environment and Climate 2025–2030 takes its starting point from what the UN has termed the triple crisis. By placing focus on the climate, biodiversity and …

Atlantic and the Greenland Sea in the west and the Arctic Ocean in the north. Ecosystems on land and at sea


ORF: Observer Research Foundation · 21 October 2024 English

Introduction China’s nuclear submarine building programme is running on overdrive. [1] If China maintains its current pace of construction of 4.5 to six nuclear submarines per year for the next …

Operational base for SSNs18 F or sustained operations beyond the Pacific, either in the Indian, Atlantic, or Arctic Oceans


ICWA: Indian Council of World Affairs · 18 October 2024 English

: +91-11-23317246, Fax: +91-11-23320638 www.icwa.in ATHAR ZAFAR S A P S A P R P E P E R H O U SU E PR A Indian Council of World …

Asia’s geography, linking the Indian, Pacific, and Arctic oceans, includes several critical transportation corridors.


EU: European Union · 8 October 2024 English

in North-East Atlantic fisheries (20); (3) ‘Convention Area’ means the areas: (a) within those parts of the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and their dependent seas which lie north of 36o north latitude and between 42o west longitude and 51o east longitude


Grid-Arendal · 4 October 2024 English

There are about four million people living in the Arctic, spread across eight countries: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States

Arctic. Increasing sightings of waste in the Arctic Ocean and on its remote beaches have alerted the local


Ocean Conservancy · 26 September 2024 English

ice minimum reminds us why we must protect our changing planet The post Protecting the Central Arctic Ocean appeared first on Ocean Conservancy.

ral-arctic-ocean/">Protecting the Central Arctic Ocean</a> appeared first on <a href="https://oceanconservancy


UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation · 24 September 2024 English

The cold-water species inhabit the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and they can reach a total length of 7 metres and a mass


Technopolis Group · 23 September 2024 English

Study to establish a methodology to assess the societal impact of research and research-based innovation June 2021 Study to establish a methodology to assess the societal impact of research and …

with diatoms correlate with sea ice melt in the Arctic Ocean. (DOI:10.1038/s42003-020-0891-7) Global warming with diatoms correlate with sea ice melt in the Arctic Ocean”, Nature, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0891-7 [4]


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