Civilization

A civilization (or civilisation) is any complex society characterized by urban development, social stratification, a form of government, and symbolic systems of communication (such as writing).Civilizations are intimately associated with and often further defined by other socio-politico-economic characteristics, such as centralization, the domestication of both humans and other organisms, specialization of labour, culturally-ingrained ideologies of progress and supremacism, monumental architecture, taxation, societal dependence upon farming and expansionism.Historically, "a civilization" has often been understood as a larger and "more advanced" culture, in implied contrast to smaller, supposedly primitive cultures. In this broad sense, a civilization contrasts with non-centralized tribal societies, including …

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Publications

NITI Aayog: National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog) · 8 January 2025 English

There is complex geopolitics at work, such as the rise of China, the changed posture of the United States, the strategy of Russia, the impact of globalization and the power …

India was a confident exporter of its diverse civilization, creating around it a vast empire of ideas.


NITI Aayog: National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog) · 30 December 2024 English

Orbital by Samantha Harvey A team of astronauts in the International Space Station collect meteorological data, conduct scientific experiments and test the limits of the human body. [...] News reaches …

movement, the mission is to dismantle Indian civilization and heritage by waging an uncompromising war


World Bank Group · 23 December 2024 English

The number of countries that have announced some type of commitment to net zero emissions has increased very rapidly in recent years, from five in 2018 to over 145 in …

long-term planning abilities. The growth of civilization is attributed to the development of social capacity


NBER: National Bureau of Economic Research · 19 December 2024 English

This paper examines how the concept of embedded culture played a transformative role in the ongoing cultural revolution within economics and business. We trace the field's shift from the 20th-century …

confident of their nation's superiority in law, civilization and republican institutions" (Moody, 1978)


CEIP: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace · 19 December 2024

Global cities have played a central role in the era of neoliberal economic governance, but there are several signs that this role is under strain or perhaps even coming to …

technologies and develop the concept of an ecological civilization, Beijing has focused on greening BRI infrastructure


NBER: National Bureau of Economic Research · 19 December 2024 English

What sparked humanity’s leap from stagnation to prosperity? What lies at the core of inequality among nations? Unified Growth Theory explores the evolution of societies over the entire course of …

the Earth. When the Roman Empire and the Mayan Civilization reached their zenith around 1 CE, the global


AEI: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research · 19 December 2024 English

The global production of six major food and animal feed crops (corn, wheat, rice, soybeans, cassava, and millet) has dramatically increased and far outpaced world population growth between 1961 and …

countries, which he claimed could “bring down civilization.”6 Such alarmism reflects a Malthusian perspective Lester R. Brown, “Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?,” Scientific American, May 1, 2009, https://www https://www.scientific american.com/article/civilization-food-shortages/. 7. Lester R. Brown, “The New Geopolitics


Heritage Foundation · 18 December 2024 English

It was also a precondi- tion for the withdrawal of any shared sense of God’s presence in the world around us that accompanied the advance of science and innovation: what …

which heralded the power of technology to turn civilization away from a fretful, https://heritage.org FIRST


HBS: Heinrich Boll Foundation · 18 December 2024 English

Publication Series Ecology Volume 51

Chinese Dynastic System Ancient Egypt Sumerian Civilization [YBP] [present] [present] [YAP] 5,000 4,500 Chinese Dynastic System Ancient Egypt Sumerian Civilization [YBP] [present] [present] [YAP] 5,000 4,500


REPOA · 17 December 2024 English

Although the manual systems and processes are embraced to the point that the impression is created that digital transformation is not possible and the strong, efficient and effective digital systems …

(ii) Cooperatives being argued to be as old as civilization itself, and (iii) Co-operative model being argued


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