Productivity

Productivity describes various measures of the efficiency of production. Often, a productivity measure is expressed as the ratio of an aggregate output to a single input or an aggregate input used in a production process, i.e. output per unit of input, typically over a specific period of time. The most common example is the (aggregate) labour productivity measure, e.g., such as GDP per worker. There are many different definitions of productivity (including those that are not defined as ratios of output to input) and the choice among them depends on the purpose of the productivity measurement and/or data availability. The …

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Publications

ADB: Asian Development Bank · 28 October 2024 English

This paper looks at how pension systems across Asia and the Pacific can overcome common challenges of low contributory coverage, inadequate social pensions, and failure to include the informal sector.

2016). Third, a large informal sector limits productivity growth, constrains fiscal maneuverability, and


Digital Science · 28 October 2024 English

This report investigates the evolving landscape of academic research, driven by advancements in AI, open access, and a heightened focus on societal impact. Key insights reveal shifts toward open research …

academic writing and research: An essential productivity tool. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine


28 October 2024 English

Each year, Future Earth, The Earth League and the World Climate Research Programme gather leading scholars from around the world to review the most pressing findings in climate research. This …

increased pressures on health services, reduced productivity and the general suffering that the projected transportation shortages) and ecosystems (e.g., reduced productivity). The repercussions extend far beyond the region


Oxfam International · 28 October 2024 English

This briefing from Oxfam explores the immense climate impacts caused by the top 1% of the wealthiest individuals and proposes measures to address this "carbon inequality." It emphasizes that the …

can decrease productivity, leading to economic damages, as well as improve productivity in countries occur due to changes in labour productivity, agricultural productivity, and energy use.61 The analysis For the community of Barrancas, the loss of productivity derived from changes in the climate and the Planet: The Impact of Heat Stress on Labour Productivity and Decent Work. Accessed 16 July 2024. https://www


UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme · 24 October 2024 English

developmental disorders in children. Lead particles contaminate the air, water and soil, reducing crop productivity and harming biodiversity. Lead also disproportionately harms those in low- and middle-income countries

contaminate the air, water and soil, reducing crop productivity and harming biodiversity. Lead also disproportionately


World Bank Group · 24 October 2024 English

While populations in low- and middle-income countries are exposed to some of the highest levels of air pollution and its consequences, the majority of economics research on the topic is …

physical and mental health, labor supply and productivity, migration, cognitive performance, human capital M. (2019). The effect of pollution on worker productivity: evidence from call center workers in China (2021). Air pollution and manufacturing firm productivity: Nationwide estimates for china. The Economic Salvo, A. (2019). Severe air pollution and labor productivity: Evidence from industrial towns in China. American


World Bank Group · 24 October 2024 English

This report synthesizes available evidence on childcare in Cambodia to provide a holistic analysis of the policy landscape and priorities for further investment. It presents new data to describe the …

care responsibilities, increase employment and productivity, and promote economic growth. Cambodian women IMPROVE CHILD DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH Higher female labor force readiness Increased economic growth and business productivity Increased tax revenue Reduced burden on government Better quality employment (higher income and productivity, better job security, more formal sector opportunities)Supply private returns for employers through increased productivity and reduced absenteeism were difficult to observe


Australian Human Rights Commission · 24 October 2024 English

The Government recognises and respects the independence of the President of the Commission and their responsibility to enforce compliance with the positive duty. [...] The Government’s policy priorities and objectives …

regulatory reform to reduce duplication and boost productivity, and to account for impacts of regulation on settings are the best they can be helps boost productivity and competitiveness and supports well-functioning processes in order to improve efficiency and lift productivity, including by working with other regulators


IMF: International Monetary Fund · 24 October 2024 English

reforms are urgently needed to lift growth prospects by boosting investment, job creation, and productivity. Domestic policies must be complemented by multilateral efforts to support countries with debt

cohesion will require that reform measures enhance productivity, ensure fair burden sharing, and protect the Growth-enhancing reforms are paramount for boosting productivity and job prospects. Well-calibrated reforms market reforms can enhance competition and boost productivity. Closing the gender gaps in opportunities would New technologies hold the promise of boosting productivity and growth. However, they also pose significant


IMF: International Monetary Fund · 24 October 2024 English

geopolitical conflicts, is dampening the near-term outlook. In the longer term, perennially weak productivity growth-a result of limited scale and business dynamism-amid new headwinds from fragmentation and

... 26 Box 3. What Is Constraining Europe’s Productivity Growth? Evidence from a Firm-Level Study . ....... . . . . . . 3 Figure 4. Incomes and Productivity . . . . . . . . . . ....................... term. In the longer term, perenni- ally weak productivity growth and new headwinds from the uncertainty potential growth. An in-depth analysis of Europe’s productivity growth and convergence process accompanying Economic Outlook: Europe Note 1 Europe’s Declining Productivity Growth: Diagnoses and Remedies and October


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