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User icon Yu Liang
10 January 2024
231 items

IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 1 June 2010 English

Brazil has a long history of subsidizing energy. Assistance has been provided by successive governments for most energy sources and for a variety of reasons. Electricity generation (hydroelectric and thermal …


IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 5 February 2020 English

The report examines from a gender perspective the impact of kerosene subsidies and their reform in Bangladesh.


PBL: Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency · 19 March 2001 English

For the purpose of this article, however, we will only summarize the key relevant points.1 What is absolutely crucial in identifying a subsidy is the choice of the benchmark, both …


EU: European Union · 1 July 2013 English

Financial support for the production and consumption of fossil fuels, while clearly at odds with the objective of greenhouse gas reduction, is still a widespread phenomenon throughout the world. The …


Earth Track · 17 August 2010 English

“Untold Billions: Fossil-fuel subsidies, their impacts and the path to reform” is a series of papers produced by the GSI with the valuable support of the Royal Norwegian Ministry of …


G8: Group of 8 · 27 June 2010 English

However the divided nature of the G20, and even the G8, on matters related to deficit reduction and stimulus measures means that Brazil might have to compromise on a deficit …


IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 9 November 2020 English

It 2017–2019 average, USD has also increased its public finance to fossil fuels ($1.1 billion direct transfers, $10.2 billion tax 2. Pledges and commitments 7th / Weak expenditure, $2.4 billion …


IWA: Sefydliad Materion Cymreig | Institute of Welsh Affairs · 13 November 2014 English

taking environmental-social criteria into account Government has the overall responsibility for setting Entry points for environmental-social budgeting the parameters of the budget, determining the priorities In this guide, we describe …



desLibris · 27 September 2016 English

There is a significant and growing body of research regarding the impact and benefit of energy subsidies and reform with regards to the poor, but there is very little information …