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Yu Liang
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World Bank Group · 30 June 2023 English
Energy subsidies, which have a long history of use by governments around the world, have been rising in recent years after a brief period of decline. Despite their significant wider …
IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 5 November 2012 English
In November 2009 APEC Leaders (2009) agreed to “rationalise and phase out over the medium term fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, while recognising the importance of providing those in …
IMF: International Monetary Fund · 2 May 2019 English
This paper updates estimates of fossil fuel subsidies, defined as fuel consumption times the gap between existing and efficient prices (i.e., prices warranted by supply costs, environmental costs, and revenue …
desLibris · 4 December 2017 English
The scale of current fossil fuel subsidies in the world coupled with the massive financial needs for transition are early indicators of the benefits of approaching FFSR with just transition …
IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 8 March 2010 English
THE GLOBAL SUBSIDIES INITIATIVE UNTOLD BILLIONS: FOSSIL-FUEL SUBSIDIES, THEIR IMPACTS AND THE PATH TO REFORM The Effects of Fossil-Fuel Subsidy Reform: A review of modelling and empirical studies THE GLOBAL …
IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 1 June 2010 English
Brazil has a long history of subsidizing energy. Assistance has been provided by successive governments for most energy sources and for a variety of reasons. Electricity generation (hydroelectric and thermal …
IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 24 March 2010 English
The second, and more accurate, approach focuses on the transfer mechanisms—the types of policy instruments used to pass the subsidy benefit to the recipient. [...] For the purposes of the …
IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 13 April 2010 English
Finally, this effort and the other work of the GSI could not have been undertaken without the generous support of the governments of Denmark, the United Kingdom, and the William …
IISD: International Institute for Sustainable Development · 13 April 2010 English
Finally, this effort and the other work of the GSI could not have been undertaken without the generous support of the governments of Denmark, the United Kingdom, and the William …